Question

Difficulty: HardCell Biology, Genetics, and Evolution

With reference to principles of genetics and cell division, consider the following statements:
1. In incomplete dominance, the phenotypic ratio in the F2F_2 generation is identical to its genotypic ratio (1:2:11:2:1).
2. Recombination nodules appear during the Pachytene substage of Prophase I in meiosis, where crossing over occurs via the enzyme recombinase.
3. Haemophilia is an X-linked recessive genetic trait that is transmitted directly from an affected father to his sons.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 onlyAnswer
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

The statement option asserting that 1 and 2 only are correct represents the accurate answer.
Incomplete dominance alters the standard 3:1 Mendelian phenotypic ratio to 1:2:1, making it identical to the genotypic ratio. Furthermore, recombination occurs during Pachytene of Meiosis I facilitated by recombinase. Haemophilia is X-linked, making direct father-to-son transmission genetically impossible because sons inherit only the father's Y chromosome.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding Mendelian inheritance exceptions
In incomplete dominance (e.g., Snapdragon flowers), monohybrid crosses yield red (RRRR), pink (RrRr), and white (rrrr) phenotypes in a 1:2:11:2:1 ratio, which mirrors the genotypic ratio 1RR:2Rr:1rr1RR : 2Rr : 1rr. Thus, Statement 1 is correct.
Verify phenotypic vs genotypic ratio equivalence in non-Mendelian traits.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding meiotic prophase events
Crossing over occurs between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during Pachytene stage, mediated by recombination nodules containing recombinase. Thus, Statement 2 is correct.
Identify the precise substage of Prophase I responsible for genetic variation.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding pedigree and sex-linked inheritance
Haemophilia genes reside on the X chromosome. A father contributes his Y chromosome to male offspring and X chromosome to female offspring. Therefore, male-to-male transmission of X-linked traits does not occur. Statement 3 is incorrect.
Determine sex-chromosome transmission dynamics in human inheritance.

Key Concept

Non-Mendelian Inheritance, Meiotic Crossing Over, and Sex-Linked Inheritance Patterns
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Rate this question