Examkin

Question

Difficulty: MediumInternational Environmental Conventions, Protocols and Agreements

Arrange the following major international environmental agreements in the chronological order of their adoption, from earliest to latest:

  1. 1Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
  2. 2United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
  3. 3Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure
  4. 4Minamata Convention on Mercury

Answer

The correct chronological order of adoption from earliest to latest is: Vienna Convention (1985) → UNCCD (1994) → Rotterdam Convention (1998) → Minamata Convention (2013).
The treaties were adopted in the following years: Vienna Convention in 1985, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) in 1994, Rotterdam Convention in 1998, and Minamata Convention on Mercury in 2013.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the year of adoption for the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.
The Vienna Convention was adopted in 1985.
It established the umbrella framework for ozone protection prior to the Montreal Protocol.
2
Determine the year of adoption for the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD).
UNCCD was adopted in 1994.
It stemmed directly from the Rio Earth Summit recommendations of 1992 and was formally adopted in Paris in 1994.
3
Determine the year of adoption for the Rotterdam Convention.
The Rotterdam Convention was adopted in 1998.
It established a multilateral procedure regarding hazardous chemicals in global commerce.
4
Determine the year of adoption for the Minamata Convention on Mercury.
The Minamata Convention was adopted in 2013.
It was negotiated under the auspices of UNEP to curb global mercury pollution and adopted in Kumamoto, Japan.
5
Sequence the conventions by adoption year.
Chronological sequence: Vienna Convention (1985), UNCCD (1994), Rotterdam Convention (1998), Minamata Convention (2013).
Placing the years in ascending order yields the sequence 1985, 1994, 1998, 2013.

Key Concept

Chronological adoption sequence of major global environmental treaties and conventions
Rate this question

Topics

International Environmental Conventions, Protocols and Agreements