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Difficulty: HardState Tourism, Art, Fairs, and Architecture

Consider the following statements regarding the traditional art forms, open-air cultural festivals, and temple architecture of Odisha:

1. The Parasurameswara Temple in Bhubaneswar exemplifies early Kalinga architecture, featuring a Rekha Deula spire alongside a pillared, flat-roofed Jagamohana hall.
2. Pattachitra is a traditional cloth-based scroll painting style of Odisha, utilizing natural mineral pigments and predominantly depicting themes of Lord Jagannath and Vaishnava traditions.
3. Dhanu Yatra, held annually in Bargarh district, is recognized as the world's largest open-air theater performance, reenacting mythological episodes of Lord Krishna and King Kamsa.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A
    1 and 2 only
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3Answer

Answer

All three statements (1, 2, and 3) are correct.
The statement set is entirely accurate: Parasurameswara Temple in Bhubaneswar represents early Kalinga style with its distinct Rekha Deula and flat-roofed hall, Pattachitra is the traditional cloth scroll painting executed with natural mineral dyes depicting Jagannath motifs, and Dhanu Yatra in Bargarh district holds global recognition as the largest open-air theatrical festival based on Kamsa and Krishna narrative episodes.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding Parasurameswara Temple architecture
Statement 1 is correct. Built around the 7th-8th century CE, Parasurameswara Temple in Bhubaneswar represents the early phase of Kalinga Nagara architecture, characterized by a curved Rekha Deula (sanctum spire) and a low, flat-roofed rectangular Jagamohana (assembly hall).
Early Kalinga temples had not yet developed the tiered pyramidal (Pida Deula) roof structure for Jagamohana seen in mature period temples like Konark.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding Odisha's Pattachitra art form
Statement 2 is correct. Pattachitra ('Patta' meaning cloth canvas and 'Chitra' meaning picture) uses natural colors extracted from stones, conch shells, and plants to paint Vaishnavite themes, especially the Jagannath cult and Krishna Leela.
Pattachitra is one of the oldest scroll painting traditions originating in Raghurajpur and Puri regions of Odisha.
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding Dhanu Yatra in Bargarh district
Statement 3 is correct. Spread over an area of over 8 km² in Bargarh, Dhanu Yatra transforms the entire town into Mathura, the Jeera River into the Yamuna, and Amapali village into Gopapur, making it the world's largest open-air theater.
It is an annual 11-day cultural festival celebrating the victory of good over evil based on Krishna Leela and King Kamsa.

Key Concept

State Cultural Heritage: Kalinga Architecture, Pattachitra Folk Art, and Dhanu Yatra Festival
Estimated Time:2m 0s
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Topics

State Tourism, Art, Fairs, and Architecture

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