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Difficulty: MediumState Tourism, Art, Fairs, and Architecture

Arrange the following iconic temple monuments of Odisha in chronological order of their construction, from the earliest to the latest:

  1. 1Parashurameswar Temple, Bhubaneswar
  2. 2Mukteswar Temple, Bhubaneswar
  3. 3Lingaraj Temple, Bhubaneswar
  4. 4Sun Temple, Konark

Answer

The correct chronological sequence from earliest to latest is Parashurameswar Temple, Bhubaneswar (c. 7th–8th century CE), Mukteswar Temple, Bhubaneswar (c. 10th century CE), Lingaraj Temple, Bhubaneswar (c. 11th century CE), and Sun Temple, Konark (c. 13th century CE).
The architectural progression of Odishan temples evolves sequentially from the early Kalinga style of Parashurameswar Temple (7th–8th century CE), to the transitional Mukteswar Temple (10th century CE), followed by the mature Lingaraj Temple (11th century CE), and culminates with the magnificent chariot-styled Sun Temple at Konark (13th century CE).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the era of Parashurameswar Temple.
Built c. 7th–8th century CE.
It is one of the oldest surviving temples in Bhubaneswar exhibiting early Kalinga architectural features.
2
Determine the era of Mukteswar Temple.
Built c. 10th century CE.
Known as the 'Gem of Odishan architecture', it marks the pivotal transitional architectural phase under the Somavamshis.
3
Determine the era of Lingaraj Temple.
Built c. 11th century CE.
It represents the culmination of mature Kalinga architectural style built by Somavamshi King Jajati Keshari.
4
Determine the era of Sun Temple, Konark.
Built c. 1250 CE (13th century).
Commissioned by Eastern Ganga King Narasimhadeva I, representing the grand peak of Odishan temple craftsmanship.

Key Concept

Chronological evolution of Kalinga architectural monuments in Odisha
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Topics

State Tourism, Art, Fairs, and Architecture

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