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Difficulty: MediumGandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

Match the prominent journals and publications associated with Mahatma Gandhi during various phases of the Indian National Movement (List-I) with their primary context or associated campaign (List-II):

  • Young IndiaEnglish weekly journal used to disseminate principles of Non-Cooperation and Satyagraha (1919–1931)
  • NavajivanGujarati weekly journal focused on constructive national work and mass mobilization (1919 onwards)
  • HarijanAnti-untouchability campaign and constructive programme following the Poona Pact (1933 onwards)
  • Indian OpinionSouth African Satyagraha against racial discrimination and the poll tax (1903–1914)

Answer

Young India matches with the English weekly journal used during the Non-Cooperation era (1919–1931); Navajivan matches with the Gujarati weekly journal focused on constructive work (1919 onwards); Harijan matches with the anti-untouchability campaign post-Poona Pact (1933 onwards); and Indian Opinion matches with the South African Satyagraha against racial discrimination (1903–1914).
Each publication corresponds accurately to its respective historical context: Indian Opinion in South Africa (1903–1914), Young India in English during the Non-Cooperation era (1919–1931), Navajivan in Gujarati (1919 onwards), and Harijan during the anti-untouchability campaign following the Poona Pact (1933 onwards).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the founding era and primary objective of Indian Opinion
Indian Opinion was published in South Africa between 1903 and 1914 during the passive resistance movement against discriminatory colonial laws.
Establishes the early pre-India phase of Gandhian publications.
2
Differentiate between the dual publications launched in 1919 in India
Young India served as the English medium for pan-Indian political discourse and Non-Cooperation movement guidance, while Navajivan catered to Gujarati readers focused on constructive social work.
Distinguishes language and target audience of the two 1919 weekly journals.
3
Connect Harijan to the post-1932 campaign context
Following the Communal Award and Poona Pact of 1932, Gandhi shifted major focus to social upliftment of depressed classes, founding Harijan in 1933.
Links the journal directly to the anti-untouchability movement.

Key Concept

Gandhian Nationalist Journals and Mass Communication Strategies
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Topics

Gandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

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