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Difficulty: HardGandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

Match List-I (Gandhian Satyagrahas and Movements) with List-II (Associated Key Leaders/Organizers) and choose the correct matching pairs.

  • Nagpur Flag Satyagraha (1923)Jamnalal Bajaj and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
  • Borsad Satyagraha (1923)Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
  • Vaikom Temple Entry Satyagraha (1924–1925)K.P. Kesava Menon and T.K. Madhavan
  • Individual Satyagraha (1940)Acharya Vinoba Bhave

Answer

Nagpur Flag Satyagraha (1923) matches with Jamnalal Bajaj and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel; Borsad Satyagraha (1923) matches with Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel; Vaikom Temple Entry Satyagraha (1924–1925) matches with K.P. Kesava Menon and T.K. Madhavan; Individual Satyagraha (1940) matches with Acharya Vinoba Bhave.
Each campaign represents a specific application of Gandhian Satyagraha methods led by key figures: the Nagpur Flag Satyagraha was led by Jamnalal Bajaj and Sardar Patel; Borsad Satyagraha was organized by Sardar Patel against punitive tax laws; Vaikom Satyagraha was spearheaded by K.P. Kesava Menon and T.K. Madhavan for social rights; and Acharya Vinoba Bhave served as the first satyagrahi during the 1940 Individual Satyagraha.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the leadership of the 1923 campaign for the right to carry the tricolor flag in Nagpur.
Jamnalal Bajaj led the initial phase and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel directed the final successful mobilization after Bajaj was imprisoned.
Nagpur Flag Satyagraha was a pivotal post-Non-Cooperation Gandhian campaign.
2
Determine the organizer of the anti-punitive poll tax campaign in Borsad Taluka in 1923.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel mobilized villagers against the Haidia tax imposed under the pretext of dacoit protection.
Patel's non-violent agitation forced government official cancellation of the unjust tax.
3
Identify the regional organizers of the anti-untouchability temple road access campaign in Travancore.
K.P. Kesava Menon and T.K. Madhavan led the movement at Vaikom under the guidance of Mahatma Gandhi.
Vaikom Satyagraha was the first major organized struggle against untouchability in South India.
4
Recall the first person chosen by Mahatma Gandhi to initiate the 1940 campaign.
Acharya Vinoba Bhave was selected as the first Satyagrahi, followed by Jawaharlal Nehru.
Individual Satyagraha was carefully crafted to express anti-war sentiment non-violently without causing widespread civil disruption during WWII.

Key Concept

Leadership and Organization in Gandhian Regional and Focused Satyagrahas (1923–1940)
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Topics

Gandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

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