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Current Affairs and General Awareness

369 questions

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Question 341Question →

In the context of national governance initiatives, which of the following statements accurately describes the primary mandate of 'Mission Mausam' approved by the Union Cabinet?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Enhancing weather surveillance and atmospheric forecasting through advanced Doppler radars, supercomputing, and cloud simulation chambers under the Ministry of Earth Sciences

Answer

Enhancing weather surveillance and atmospheric forecasting through advanced Doppler radars, supercomputing, and cloud simulation chambers under the Ministry of Earth Sciences
Mission Mausam is a central governance initiative designed to make India 'weather-ready and climate-smart'. Implemented by the Ministry of Earth Sciences through premier institutions like the India Meteorological Department (IMD), Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), and National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), it concentrates on expanding the radar observational network, high-performance computing capabilities, and cloud physics research.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the core subject and institutional ownership of Mission Mausam
Mission Mausam is a flagship initiative spearheaded by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES).
Governance initiatives are defined by their nodal administrative ministry and overarching policy goals.
2
Analyze the technical scope and operational pillars of the mission
The mission focuses on installing next-generation dual-polarization Doppler weather radars, deploying advanced high-performance computing (HPC), setting up cloud simulation chambers, and developing AI-driven weather modeling systems.
Understanding key technical interventions helps distinguish the mission from related environmental and agricultural schemes.
3
Evaluate and match the correct mandate
The initiative explicitly targets holistic multi-scale weather forecasting, air quality tracking, and atmospheric research.
This establishes the exact alignment with the statement describing atmospheric observation and supercomputing under the Ministry of Earth Sciences.

Key Concept

Mission Mausam Objectives and Implementing Architecture
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 342Question →

In the context of recent state welfare initiatives, evaluate the following statements regarding the 'Mukhyamantri Majhi Ladki Bahin Yojana' implemented in Maharashtra:

Statement I: The scheme provides a direct financial transfer of ₹1,500 per month to eligible women beneficiaries.
Statement II: The demographic criteria mandate an age group of 21 to 65 years with a family annual income ceiling of ₹2.5 lakh.
Statement III: The Department of Rural Development serves as the nodal administrative agency responsible for its state-wide execution.

Which of the statements provided above is/are correct?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Only Statements I and II

Answer

Only Statements I and II are correct.
The correct response accurately validates both the financial quantum (₹1,500 per month) and the prescribed eligibility norms (age 21 to 65 years and family income threshold of ₹2.5 lakh per annum), while correctly identifying that the Department of Women and Child Development—not Rural Development—is the nodal administrative body.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Statement I regarding the financial entitlement under the scheme.
Statement I is verified as correct: The Mukhyamantri Majhi Ladki Bahin Yojana provides ₹1,500 per month directly into the Aadhaar-linked bank accounts of eligible beneficiaries.
Direct benefit transfer provisions are central to the financial assistance design of this flagship welfare program.
2
Analyze Statement II regarding the demographic and socio-economic eligibility criteria.
Statement II is verified as correct: Eligible women must be permanent residents of Maharashtra aged between 21 and 65 years, and the total annual family income from all sources must not exceed ₹2.5 lakh.
Targeting parameters restrict benefits to low- and lower-middle-income households within the specified adult age bracket.
3
Analyze Statement III regarding the nodal administrative department.
Statement III is determined to be incorrect: The scheme is planned, implemented, and monitored by the Department of Women and Child Development (WCD), Government of Maharashtra, not the Department of Rural Development.
Welfare programs specifically tailored for women's socio-economic empowerment are administratively assigned to the Women and Child Development Department.

Key Concept

Core beneficiary criteria, financial entitlements, and administrative architecture of state flagship women welfare schemes
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 343Question →

Match the state-specific welfare initiatives listed in List-I with their primary developmental objectives listed in List-II:

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Mukhyamantri Vriksha Sampada Yojana (Chhattisgarh)
Chief Minister's Breakfast Scheme (Tamil Nadu)
Mukhyamantri Gramin Gaadi Yojana (Jharkhand)
Indira Gandhi Shehri Rozgar Guarantee Yojana (Rajasthan)

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Mukhyamantri Vriksha Sampada Yojana (Chhattisgarh) matches with commercial agroforestry and tree plantation on private land; Chief Minister's Breakfast Scheme (Tamil Nadu) matches with nutritious morning meals for government primary school students; Mukhyamantri Gramin Gaadi Yojana (Jharkhand) matches with subsidized rural passenger transport connecting remote villages; and Indira Gandhi Shehri Rozgar Guarantee Yojana (Rajasthan) matches with guaranteed urban wage employment.
Each scheme precisely corresponds to its administrative purpose: Chhattisgarh's Vriksha Sampada Yojana promotes commercial tree plantation on private holdings; Tamil Nadu's Breakfast Scheme delivers morning nutrition to primary students; Jharkhand's Gramin Gaadi Yojana operates subsidized transit for rural hinterlands; and Rajasthan's Indira Gandhi Shehri Rozgar Guarantee Yojana guarantees wage employment for urban households.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Mukhyamantri Vriksha Sampada Yojana (Chhattisgarh)
Identified as an agroforestry subsidy program encouraging farmers and private landowners to cultivate commercial timber and fruit-bearing trees.
The scheme focuses on increasing green cover while creating alternative income streams for rural agriculturists.
2
Analyze Chief Minister's Breakfast Scheme (Tamil Nadu)
Identified as a targeted child nutrition intervention providing breakfast to primary school pupils.
It complements the mid-day meal framework by addressing early morning nutritional needs to support learning capacity.
3
Analyze Mukhyamantri Gramin Gaadi Yojana (Jharkhand)
Identified as a rural mobility scheme operating subsidized bus and vehicle routes in remote blocks.
It ensures affordable transit for rural students, patients, farmers, and senior citizens to reach sub-divisional hubs.
4
Analyze Indira Gandhi Shehri Rozgar Guarantee Yojana (Rajasthan)
Identified as an urban safety-net policy providing guaranteed days of wage labor within urban local body limits.
It provides livelihood security to vulnerable urban households facing informal sector employment vulnerabilities.

Key Concept

State-Specific Flagship Welfare Schemes and Policy Objectives
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 344Question →

Under the flagship welfare guarantees in Telangana, the state government launched the 'Gruha Jyothi Scheme' to provide subsidized power to economically weaker households. Which of the following statements accurately describe the provisions and eligibility criteria of this scheme?

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Eligible domestic households receive up to 200 units of free electricity every month.; Beneficiaries must possess an active Food Security Card (White Ration Card) to avail of the financial subsidy.

Answer

The statements specifying the provision of up to 200 units of free monthly domestic electricity and the requirement of an active Food Security Card (White Ration Card) are both correct.
The correct statements identify that the Gruha Jyothi scheme provides up to 200 units of free domestic electricity per month and requires an active Food Security Card (White Ration Card) for beneficiary verification.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the core entitlement and monthly consumption ceiling under the scheme.
The initiative guarantees zero-charge domestic power up to 200 units per month to eligible households.
To assess whether the benefit quota and target consumer segment are accurately defined.
2
Verify the beneficiary identification document and socioeconomic eligibility requirements.
Possession of a state-issued White Ration Card (Food Security Card) is required to authenticate household eligibility.
To evaluate whether targeting parameters conform to state guidelines.
3
Examine the scope of consumer coverage and fiscal funding structure.
Commercial premises are excluded, and the scheme is entirely funded by the state exchequer rather than through a central funding ratio.
To rule out misconceptions regarding commercial coverage and central sponsorship.

Key Concept

State Welfare Scheme Targeting and Operational Guidelines
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 345Question →

Arrange the following flagship national governance initiatives and missions of the Government of India in chronological order of their official launch or rollout, from earliest to latest:

Drag items to arrange them in the correct order

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The correct chronological sequence from earliest to latest is Jal Jeevan Mission (August 2019), followed by PM SVANidhi (June 2020), PM GatiShakti National Master Plan (October 2021), and National Green Hydrogen Mission (January 2023).
The correct order follows the chronological progression of government rollouts: Jal Jeevan Mission was launched on August 15, 2019; PM SVANidhi was initiated on June 1, 2020; PM GatiShakti was introduced on October 13, 2021; and the National Green Hydrogen Mission received official Cabinet approval on January 4, 2023.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the launch period of Jal Jeevan Mission
August 2019
Announced during the Independence Day address in August 2019 to ensure potable tap water supply to all rural homes.
2
Determine the rollout date of PM SVANidhi
June 2020
Introduced as part of the AtmaNirbhar Bharat package in June 2020 to provide collateral-free working capital loans to street vendors affected by pandemic lockdowns.
3
Identify the launch date of PM GatiShakti National Master Plan
October 2021
Unveiled in October 2021 as a GIS-based digital platform for synchronized infrastructure development.
4
Identify the approval date of the National Green Hydrogen Mission
January 2023
Approved by the Union Cabinet in early January 2023 under the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
5
Assemble the verified initiatives chronologically
Jal Jeevan Mission (2019) -> PM SVANidhi (2020) -> PM GatiShakti (2021) -> National Green Hydrogen Mission (2023)
Orders the governance initiatives accurately across their respective launch years.

Key Concept

Chronological evolution of central governance missions, economic relief measures, infrastructure initiatives, and clean energy policies in India.
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 346Question →

Match the state government welfare schemes in List-I with their primary operational objectives in List-II, and identify the correct combinations:

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Pudhumai Penn Scheme (Tamil Nadu)
MEDISEP Scheme (Kerala)
Har Hith Store Scheme (Haryana)
Mukhya Mantri Sukh Ashray Yojana (Himachal Pradesh)

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Pudhumai Penn Scheme matches with direct monthly financial support for female students entering higher education; MEDISEP Scheme matches with comprehensive cashless health insurance for state employees and pensioners; Har Hith Store Scheme matches with youth self-employment through retail grocery franchises; Mukhya Mantri Sukh Ashray Yojana matches with state guardianship, stipend, and education for orphan children.
Each scheme is accurately paired with its core mandate: Pudhumai Penn provides higher education incentives for female government school graduates, MEDISEP delivers cashless medical coverage to state personnel and retirees, Har Hith Store fosters micro-retail entrepreneurship for youth, and Sukh Ashray Yojana provides comprehensive state guardianship to orphans.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Pudhumai Penn Scheme (Tamil Nadu)
Corresponds to the higher education incentive providing ₹1,000 monthly aid to girl students from government schools.
The scheme directly targets female gross enrollment ratio in collegiate education.
2
Analyze MEDISEP Scheme (Kerala)
Corresponds to the health insurance scheme for government employees and pensioners.
MEDISEP specifically provides cashless inpatient coverage up to defined annual thresholds for state staff.
3
Analyze Har Hith Store Scheme (Haryana)
Corresponds to the youth entrepreneurship initiative via retail outlets.
The program leverages public-private retail logistics to generate self-employment in rural and semi-urban localities.
4
Analyze Mukhya Mantri Sukh Ashray Yojana (Himachal Pradesh)
Corresponds to the orphan welfare and state-as-guardian framework.
The legislation provides institutional cover, skilling, and living allowances for orphan youth.

Key Concept

State-specific flagship welfare policies and target beneficiary mechanisms across Indian states
Question 347Question →

Regarding the statutory framework and institutional mechanisms established under the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, 2023, evaluate the following statements:

1. The Data Protection Board of India is empowered to inquire into personal data breaches and direct urgent remedial measures.
2. The Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT) serves as the designated appellate body to hear appeals against decisions of the Data Protection Board.
3. The statutory financial penalty for failing to take reasonable security safeguards to prevent a personal data breach is capped at a maximum of ₹50 crore per instance.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 1 and 2 only

Answer

Statements 1 and 2 only are correct.
The statement identifying '1 and 2 only' is correct. The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 establishes the Data Protection Board of India as the primary enforcement body and designates the Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT) as the appellate authority. Meanwhile, the third statement is false because the maximum penalty for failure to adopt reasonable security safeguards to prevent personal data breaches is ₹250 crore, rather than ₹50 crore.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the statutory role and powers of the Data Protection Board of India (DPBI).
Statement 1 is correct. Under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, the Data Protection Board of India functions as an adjudicatory mechanism tasked with inquiring into data breaches, directing mitigation, and levying financial penalties.
The Act establishes DPBI as a digital-by-design regulatory authority for enforcement.
2
Identify the designated appellate tribunal under Section 29 of the Act.
Statement 2 is correct. Any person aggrieved by an order of the Data Protection Board may appeal before the Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT).
TDSAT is explicitly designated in the legislation as the appellate authority to ensure specialized and speedy dispute resolution.
3
Examine the statutory penalty structure in the Schedule of the Act.
Statement 3 is incorrect. The Schedule to the DPDP Act, 2023 prescribes a maximum penalty of up to ₹250 crore (not ₹50 crore) for failure to take reasonable security safeguards to prevent a personal data breach.
Higher penalty thresholds were established to ensure strong deterrence against organizational negligence.

Key Concept

Statutory Architecture and Penalty Provisions of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 348Question →

Match each of the following digital governance platforms of the Government of India with its primary operational mandate:

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

PRAGATI Platform
CPGRAMS Portal
GeM (Government e-Marketplace)
e-NAM Portal

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

PRAGATI Platform matches with the high-level infrastructure monitoring system using ICT and video conferencing; CPGRAMS Portal matches with the centralized citizen grievance intake and resolution mechanism under DARPG; GeM matches with the dedicated digital public procurement ecosystem; e-NAM Portal matches with the agricultural market integration network.
Each digital governance platform is mapped to its established mandate: PRAGATI monitors flagship national projects and critical schemes; CPGRAMS provides the unified interface for lodging and tracking citizen grievances; GeM serves as the national public procurement marketplace; and e-NAM provides the electronic trading platform for physical agricultural mandis.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the functional scope of PRAGATI
PRAGATI connects the PMO, Union Secretaries, and State Chief Secretaries for real-time monitoring of mega projects, pairing with the ICT and spatial data project review description.
PRAGATI specifically serves pro-active governance and project monitoring.
2
Identify the mandate of CPGRAMS
CPGRAMS serves as the nodal citizen grievance platform managed by DARPG, pairing with the centralized citizen grievance redressal mechanism.
It functions as a 24x7 single-window grievance submission portal.
3
Identify the role of GeM and e-NAM
GeM governs government procurement of goods and services, while e-NAM connects APMC mandis for agri-trade.
Differentiating procurement governance from agricultural commodity market unification completes all matches.

Key Concept

Core mandates and operational architectures of flagship digital governance platforms in India
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 349Question →

In the context of state-level social welfare and women empowerment initiatives, evaluate the following statements regarding the 'Subhadra Yojana' implemented by the Government of Odisha:

1. It provides a total financial assistance of ₹50,000 to eligible women beneficiaries over a period of five years.
2. The annual assistance of ₹10,000 is disbursed in two equal installments on the occasions of Raksha Bandhan and International Women's Day.
3. The financial benefit is universal and extended to all women residing in the state irrespective of age criteria and income brackets.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 1 and 2 only

Answer

Statements 1 and 2 only are correct.
The Subhadra Yojana launched by Odisha provides ₹10,000 per year in two equal tranches of ₹5,000 each on Raksha Bandhan and International Women's Day, totaling ₹50,000 over five years. Beneficiaries must satisfy specific age (21–60 years) and economic criteria, making only statements 1 and 2 correct.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding financial quantum and duration
Statement 1 is correct. The Subhadra Yojana provides ₹50,000 over five financial years (from 2024–25 to 2028–29) at ₹10,000 per year.
Verify the budgetary allocation and financial entitlements defined in the official scheme guidelines.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding disbursement mechanism and dates
Statement 2 is correct. The annual ₹10,000 benefit is transferred directly via DBT in two equal installments of ₹5,000 each on Rakhi Purnima (Raksha Bandhan) and International Women's Day (March 8).
Verify the operational timeline and installment structure specified by the Women and Child Development Department.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding beneficiary coverage and eligibility conditions
Statement 3 is incorrect. The scheme is targeted rather than universal; eligible women must be between 21 and 60 years of age, covered under NFSA/SFSS or from households with annual income within prescribed limits, excluding government servants and income tax payees.
Evaluate eligibility criteria and statutory exclusion guidelines to avoid conflating targeted cash transfers with universal basic income.

Key Concept

Key parameters, disbursement framework, and eligibility thresholds of state flagship welfare programs
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 350Question →

The Telecommunications Act, 2023 overhauled the century-old legal framework governing communication networks and spectrum management in India. Which of the following correctly describes a key statutory reform introduced by this Act?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: It established the Digital Bharat Nidhi by restructuring and expanding the mandate of the Universal Service Obligation Fund to support connectivity and indigenous telecom research.

Answer

The establishment of the Digital Bharat Nidhi by restructuring the Universal Service Obligation Fund to fund connectivity, indigenous technologies, and telecom research.
Under Section 24 of the Telecommunications Act, 2023, the Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF) was renamed and reconstituted as the Digital Bharat Nidhi. In addition to expanding telecom services to underserved rural, remote, and urban areas, the Digital Bharat Nidhi is statutorily authorized to support research and development of telecom services, technologies, pilot projects, and indigenous manufacturing.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the statutory objectives and fund mechanisms introduced under the Telecommunications Act, 2023.
The Act replaces the Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF) created under the 1885 Act with the 'Digital Bharat Nidhi'.
Identifying the renamed and expanded fund mechanism is essential to understanding new-age digital governance funding in India.
2
Evaluate the repeal provisions and regulatory bodies under the new legislation.
The Act repeals the Indian Telegraph Act (1885) and the Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act (1933), while preserving the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) and the TDSAT appellate structure.
Prevents confusing colonial-era telecom laws with modern IT and regulatory statutes.
3
Examine the spectrum allocation rules under the First Schedule of the Act.
Spectrum is assigned primarily via auction, but administrative assignment is explicitly authorized for satellite broadband, national security, and disaster management.
Confirms that administrative allocation is retained for strategic and satellite use cases.

Key Concept

Statutory provisions, fund architecture, and spectrum governance reforms under the Telecommunications Act, 2023.
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 351Question →

Pairs of recently notified state-level welfare initiatives and their respective policy mandates are given below. Match each initiative from List-I with its corresponding operational focus in List-II.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Mukhyamantri Bal Ashirwad Yojana (Madhya Pradesh)
Aama Yojana (Sikkim)
Mukhyamantri Vayoshri Yojana (Maharashtra)
Swayam Scheme (Odisha)

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Mukhyamantri Bal Ashirwad Yojana corresponds to orphan youth rehabilitation and training; Aama Yojana corresponds to annual cash transfers for non-working mothers; Mukhyamantri Vayoshri Yojana corresponds to assistive device assistance for senior citizens; and Swayam Scheme corresponds to interest-free enterprise credit for youth.
The correct pairing accurately links each policy with its target beneficiaries and core benefit mechanism: Madhya Pradesh's Bal Ashirwad supports orphan care-leavers; Sikkim's Aama Yojana assists non-working mothers; Maharashtra's Vayoshri aids disabled senior citizens; and Odisha's Swayam promotes youth entrepreneurship through interest-subsidized loans.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Examine the objective of Madhya Pradesh's Mukhyamantri Bal Ashirwad Yojana
Identified as a post-institutional support programme covering monthly allowances and vocational training for orphan youth.
Matches the scheme with the provision of aid for care-leavers transitioning into independent adulthood.
2
Analyze the scope of Sikkim's Aama Yojana
Identified as a direct benefit transfer programme targeted at stay-at-home, non-salaried mothers.
Matches the scheme with the direct annual financial deposit into maternal bank accounts.
3
Evaluate the functional mandate of Maharashtra's Mukhyamantri Vayoshri Yojana
Identified as a targeted health assistance scheme supporting senior citizens afflicted with age-related infirmities.
Matches the initiative with the procurement of physical disability aids and health accessories.
4
Review the operational framework of Odisha's Swayam Scheme
Identified as an entrepreneurship facilitation programme offering interest-free credit up to ₹1 lakh.
Matches the scheme with working capital support for young micro-entrepreneurs.

Key Concept

State-specific social welfare schemes, demographic targeting, and sectoral policy instruments
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 352Question →

With reference to the National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building (NPCSCB)—popularly known as 'Mission Karmayogi'—consider the following statements:

1. It aims to institutionalize administrative reforms by shifting human resource management in civil services from a 'rule-based' to a 'role-based' approach.
2. The apex body providing strategic direction and approving capacity building plans is the Prime Minister's Public Human Resources Council, chaired by the Cabinet Secretary of India.
3. It utilizes the 'iGOT Karmayogi' digital platform to deliver continuous, competency-driven online training modules to public officials.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 1 and 3 only

Answer

Statements 1 and 3 only are correct.
The option containing Statements 1 and 3 is correct. Mission Karmayogi (NPCSCB) focuses on transitioning administrative functioning from 'rule-based' to 'role-based' human resource management. The initiative is powered by the 'iGOT Karmayogi' platform, a comprehensive digital learning infrastructure. Statement 2 is incorrect because the apex body providing strategic guidance—the Prime Minister's Public Human Resources Council—is chaired by the Prime Minister of India, while the Capacity Building Commission (CBC) functions as an independent expert body.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the core objective and paradigm shift stated in Statement 1
Statement 1 is correct.
Mission Karmayogi explicitly shifts the civil service training architecture from traditional 'rule-based' compliance to competency-linked 'role-based' talent management.
2
Verify the governance structure and chairperson of the apex council in Statement 2
Statement 2 is incorrect.
The apex body of Mission Karmayogi is the Prime Minister's Public Human Resources Council (PMHRC), which is chaired by the Prime Minister of India, not the Cabinet Secretary.
3
Verify the digital learning platform specified in Statement 3
Statement 3 is correct.
The Integrated Government Online Training platform, known as 'iGOT Karmayogi', serves as the core digital backbone delivering tailored e-learning content to officials.
4
Synthesize the findings to determine the correct combination
Only Statements 1 and 3 are correct.
Combining the verified truth values yields 1 and 3 only as the valid selection.

Key Concept

Institutional architecture and operational principles of the National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building (Mission Karmayogi)
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 353Question →

With reference to the Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2023, aimed at strengthening governance and enhancing the ease of doing business in India, consider the following statements:

1. It rationalizes regulatory compliance by decriminalizing minor procedural infractions and substituting imprisonment provisions with monetary penalties across more than 40 Central Acts.
2. It introduces an administrative mechanism empowering appointed Adjudicating Officers to assess and levy civil penalties without instituting criminal court trials.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Both 1 and 2

Answer

Both 1 and 2 are correct.
The Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2023 was enacted to enhance both 'Ease of Living' and 'Ease of Doing Business' by overhauling the penal architecture of 42 Central legislations. It converts 183 minor criminal provisions—such as technical reporting defaults, clerical omissions, and procedural non-compliances—into civil liabilities subject to monetary penalties. To ensure swift enforcement without congesting the judiciary, the Act operationalizes an internal administrative adjudication process wherein designated Adjudicating Officers determine liability and impose statutory fines, with provision for statutory appellate authorities.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the legislative scope and decriminalization mandate of the Jan Vishwas Act, 2023.
The Act amends 42 Central Acts administered by 19 Ministries and decriminalizes 183 provisions by converting imprisonment and criminal sanctions for minor, procedural defaults into monetary penalties.
This establishes that the first statement is factually and legally correct.
2
Examine the institutional enforcement and dispute-settlement mechanism established by the Act.
The legislation institutes an administrative adjudication architecture where designated Adjudicating Officers conduct inquiries and levy financial penalties, bypassing routine criminal court litigation and reducing judicial pendency.
This confirms that the second statement is also factually and legally correct.
3
Synthesize the statement evaluations to arrive at the final answer.
Since both statements are correct, the choice containing both statements represents the valid conclusion.
Aligns the legal verification with the correct answer option.

Key Concept

Legislative decriminalization and administrative adjudication mechanisms under the Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2023
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 354Question →

Match each of the following flagship national governance initiatives and schemes with its primary operational objective:

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana
PM Vishwakarma Scheme
ULLAS (Nav Bharat Saksharta Karyakram)
PM-eBus Sewa

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana matches with rooftop solar panel installations for up to 300 units of monthly free electricity; PM Vishwakarma Scheme matches with collateral-free credit and toolkit assistance for traditional artisans; ULLAS matches with foundational literacy and lifelong learning for adult non-literates; and PM-eBus Sewa matches with green city bus operations via a PPP model.
Each governance program is accurately aligned with its respective sector: PM Surya Ghar focuses on household rooftop solar power; PM Vishwakarma supports traditional artisans across 18 artisan trades; ULLAS provides adult foundational literacy and critical skills; and PM-eBus Sewa expands zero-emission urban bus transit through public-private partnerships.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the core mandate of the solar rooftop initiative
PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana is targeted at residential solar electrification to provide up to 300 free monthly power units, pairing with definition 4.
The initiative explicitly focuses on decentralized domestic renewable power generation.
2
Identify the mandate of the artisanal support scheme
PM Vishwakarma Scheme pairs with definition 1 regarding credit, training, and modern toolkits for traditional tradespersons.
Vishwakarma workers encompass 18 traditional occupations such as carpenters, blacksmiths, potters, and sculptors.
3
Identify the literacy and adult education framework
ULLAS pairs with definition 2 addressing adult non-literates aged 15 years and above.
ULLAS replaced the previous adult education scheme to align with the National Education Policy 2020.
4
Identify the urban mobility and green transit initiative
PM-eBus Sewa pairs with definition 3 regarding electric bus deployment via PPP models in designated urban local bodies.
The scheme emphasizes reducing emissions in city transport through electrified public transit fleets.

Key Concept

Core mandates and operational architectures of contemporary central governance initiatives
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 355Question →

The Government of Gujarat launched the 'Namo Lakshmi Scheme' across the state to foster secondary education and improve adolescent health. Which of the following statements correctly describes a principal feature of this welfare scheme?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: It extends structured financial assistance totaling ₹50,000 spread over Classes 9 to 12 to reduce dropout rates and support nutrition among adolescent girls.

Answer

The scheme provides structured financial assistance totaling ₹50,000 distributed over Classes 9 to 12 to curb school dropouts and support nutrition among adolescent girl students.
The Namo Lakshmi Scheme introduced by Gujarat delivers financial assistance of ₹50,000 distributed over four academic years (Classes 9 through 12) to ensure girl students complete their secondary and higher secondary education while addressing adolescent nutritional needs.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary objective and target demographic of the Namo Lakshmi Scheme.
The scheme was launched by Gujarat to improve enrollment, retention, and nutritional status of adolescent girls studying in Classes 9 to 12 in recognized schools.
Understanding target beneficiaries helps distinguish school retention initiatives from higher education or competitive examination schemes.
2
Evaluate the financial entitlement and disbursement architecture.
Eligible girl students receive a cumulative sum of ₹50,000 over four years: ₹10,000 per year for Classes 9 and 10, and ₹15,000 per year for Classes 11 and 12, released partly monthly and partly upon passing board exams.
Verifying the exact financial entitlement and disbursement mechanism isolates the correct policy design from typical distractor modifications.
3
Select the matching statement describing the policy parameters.
The statement describing ₹50,000 distributed across secondary grades (Classes 9 to 12) accurately reflects the scheme's provisions.
This matches official state welfare guidelines and budgetary allocations.

Key Concept

State Welfare Schemes and Girl Child Educational Incentives
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 356Question →

In the context of state-specific welfare policies aimed at promoting girl child education, health, and social security, which of the following statements regarding the 'Mukhyamantri Kanya Sumangala Yojana' implemented in Uttar Pradesh are correct?

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: The financial assistance is structured across six developmental milestones, spanning from birth and complete vaccination to admission in higher education or diploma courses.; The annual household income of the beneficiary's family must not exceed ₹3 lakh to qualify for benefits under the scheme.

Answer

The statements confirming the phased financial assistance across six developmental milestones and the annual family income limit of ₹3 lakh are correct.
Mukhyamantri Kanya Sumangala Yojana is a flagship conditional direct benefit transfer initiative in Uttar Pradesh designed to eliminate female feticide, foster positive attitudes toward the girl child, promote education, and curb child marriage. It structures financial transfers across six developmental milestones (birth, immunization, Class 1 admission, Class 6 admission, Class 9 admission, and entry into undergraduate or diploma programs) for families with an annual income not exceeding ₹3 lakh.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the scheme structure and milestone disbursement framework
Identified that Mukhyamantri Kanya Sumangala Yojana delivers financial support in six phased stages from birth through higher education.
To evaluate whether the scheme uses phased educational milestones or continuous monthly payouts.
2
Evaluate the socio-economic eligibility criteria
Confirmed the ₹3 lakh annual family income threshold and the standard limitation of benefits to two girl children per family.
To verify household income ceilings and beneficiary coverage limits.
3
Identify the nodal administrative department and implementation mechanism
Verified that the Department of Women and Child Development executes the direct benefit transfer mechanism.
To rule out misattributed administrative departments.

Key Concept

Eligibility parameters, financial structure, and implementation framework of state-specific girl child welfare schemes
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 357Question →

Match the state government welfare initiatives in List-I with their respective core policy mandates in List-II:

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Mukhyamantri Mahila Udyamita Abhiyan (Assam)
Krishak Bandhu Scheme (West Bengal)
Jagananna Vidya Deevena (Andhra Pradesh)
Mukhyamantri Gram Gaadi Yojana (Jharkhand)

Matches

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Answer

Mukhyamantri Mahila Udyamita Abhiyan matches with phased financial support for rural SHG micro-entrepreneurs; Krishak Bandhu Scheme matches with bi-annual crop assistance and life insurance for cultivators; Jagananna Vidya Deevena matches with complete post-matric fee reimbursement for higher education; and Mukhyamantri Gram Gaadi Yojana matches with subsidized rural public transit connecting remote blocks.
Each scheme is accurately mapped to its primary objective: Mukhyamantri Mahila Udyamita Abhiyan (Assam) supports rural women in SHGs to establish micro-enterprises; Krishak Bandhu (West Bengal) delivers bi-annual income support and life insurance for farmers; Jagananna Vidya Deevena (Andhra Pradesh) covers full college tuition fees for higher education; and Mukhyamantri Gram Gaadi Yojana (Jharkhand) improves rural accessibility through subsidized transport services.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the target sector and state for Mukhyamantri Mahila Udyamita Abhiyan
It aligns with rural women empowerment in Assam, fostering SHG members into micro-entrepreneurs through phased seed funding.
The scheme focuses on women entrepreneurship and self-reliance in rural clusters.
2
Analyze the features of the Krishak Bandhu Scheme
It corresponds to West Bengal's flagship agricultural support model combining assured input aid and life insurance coverage for farm families.
The intervention supports farm incomes during both agricultural seasons.
3
Evaluate the mandate of Jagananna Vidya Deevena
It pairs with higher education fee reimbursement in Andhra Pradesh deposited directly to mothers' accounts.
The scheme aims to improve gross enrollment in higher education by eliminating financial barriers.
4
Identify the objective of Mukhyamantri Gram Gaadi Yojana
It connects to Jharkhand's rural transport connectivity initiative facilitating subsidized mobility for vulnerable demographic groups.
The policy improves transport infrastructure and accessibility for remote rural communities.

Key Concept

State-specific welfare schemes, their state jurisdictions, target beneficiaries, and core policy interventions.
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 358Question →

The Government of Maharashtra notified the 'Mukhyamantri Vayoshri Yojana' to support elderly citizens suffering from physical disabilities or age-related infirmities. Under the official guidelines of this welfare scheme, which of the following provisions is correct?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Eligible senior citizens aged 65 years and above receive a one-time Direct Benefit Transfer of ₹3,000 to purchase assistive devices and daily living aids.

Answer

Eligible senior citizens aged 65 years and above receive a one-time Direct Benefit Transfer of ₹3,000 to purchase assistive devices and daily living aids.
The statement specifying that eligible senior citizens aged 65 years and above receive a one-time Direct Benefit Transfer of ₹3,000 to purchase assistive devices and daily living aids accurately captures the key features of the Mukhyamantri Vayoshri Yojana. Under the Maharashtra Social Justice and Special Assistance Department, beneficiaries with an annual household income of up to ₹2 lakh receive this financial support directly in their Aadhaar-linked bank accounts to procure aids such as wheelchairs, walkers, spectacles, and hearing equipment.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the target beneficiary profile and age criterion under the scheme.
The Mukhyamantri Vayoshri Yojana is designed for senior citizens aged 65 years and above residing in Maharashtra who suffer from age-related physical limitations or disabilities.
Establishing the precise age threshold eliminates general pension schemes and programs targeting different demographic cohorts.
2
Evaluate the financial mechanism and nature of assistance provided.
The scheme transfers ₹3,000 directly into the bank accounts (DBT) of eligible beneficiaries to facilitate the purchase of assistive devices such as spectacles, hearing aids, wheelchairs, and walking sticks.
Distinguishing between one-time device procurement assistance and regular monthly pensions clarifies the scheme's core policy mandate.
3
Verify administrative and income parameters against common misconceptions.
The scheme has an annual family income ceiling of ₹2 lakh and is administered by the Social Justice and Special Assistance Department, rather than being an open universal insurance or rural institutional program.
Ensures full validation of eligibility rules and departmental jurisdiction.

Key Concept

Operational guidelines, eligibility thresholds, and benefit transfer mechanisms of flagship state welfare schemes for senior citizens.
Question 359Question →

Match the following flagship national governance initiatives and welfare schemes with their primary policy objectives:

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

PM-JANMAN (Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan)
PM-PRANAM (Programme for Restoration, Awareness, Nourishment and Amelioration of Mother Earth)
SVAMITVA Scheme
Mission Vatsalya

Matches

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Answer

PM-JANMAN matches with the saturation of basic amenities for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups; PM-PRANAM matches with incentivizing States to promote alternative bio-fertilizers; SVAMITVA matches with the drone-based demarcation of rural Abadi land parcels for Property Cards; and Mission Vatsalya matches with strengthening child protection and juvenile welfare frameworks.
Each scheme is mapped directly to its core mandate: PM-JANMAN focuses on PVTG community saturation; PM-PRANAM drives the reduction of chemical fertilizer use via bio-fertilizer incentives; SVAMITVA delivers formal rural property rights via drone mapping; and Mission Vatsalya governs institutional child welfare.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the target beneficiary and mandate of PM-JANMAN
PM-JANMAN specifically targets Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) to provide basic infrastructure across habitations.
The initiative addresses critical socio-economic gaps in remote tribal settlements.
2
Analyze the core objective of the PM-PRANAM scheme
PM-PRANAM is designed to reduce the fiscal burden of chemical fertilizer subsidies and promote sustainable agriculture.
It channels subsidy savings into state-level grants for alternative nutrients.
3
Examine the operational mechanism of the SVAMITVA scheme
SVAMITVA leverages drone technology for surveying rural inhabited parcels to issue spatial property records.
It addresses the historic absence of validated property documentation in rural Abadi areas.
4
Determine the institutional domain of Mission Vatsalya
Mission Vatsalya oversees child rights, institutional care, foster networks, and statutory bodies under the Juvenile Justice framework.
It unifies national child protection architectures.

Key Concept

Key governance initiatives and statutory policy frameworks in India targeting sustainable development, land administration, tribal welfare, and child protection.
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 360Question →

Arrange the following landmark legislative acts and governance initiatives enacted by the Parliament of India in chronological order of their enactment, from earliest to latest:

Drag items to arrange them in the correct order

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act (2016) → The National Medical Commission Act (2019) → The Major Port Authorities Act (2021) → The Digital Personal Data Protection Act (2023)
The correct chronological order corresponds to the exact years of parliamentary enactment: the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act in 2016, followed by the National Medical Commission Act in 2019, the Major Port Authorities Act in 2021, and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act in 2023.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the enactment year of the Aadhaar Act
The Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act was passed in 2016.
This act created the statutory framework for UIDAI and direct benefit transfers.
2
Determine the enactment year of the National Medical Commission Act
The National Medical Commission Act was passed in 2019.
This reform established the NMC to regulate medical education standards.
3
Determine the enactment year of the Major Port Authorities Act
The Major Port Authorities Act was passed in 2021.
This governance reform replaced port trusts with autonomous Boards of Major Port Authorities.
4
Determine the enactment year of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act
The Digital Personal Data Protection Act was enacted in August 2023.
This act introduced legal obligations for data fiduciaries and created the Data Protection Board of India.
5
Assemble the chronological sequence from earliest to latest
2016 → 2019 → 2021 → 2023
Arranging the years sequentially produces the correct timeline.

Key Concept

Chronological evolution of statutory governance frameworks and administrative reforms in India
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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