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Zorluk: OrtaPreparation of Departmental Trading, Profit and Loss Accounts

Danladi Commercial Enterprises operates two departments: Restaurant and Bakery. For the year ended 31 December 2025, the following financial details were extracted for the Restaurant department:

- Opening stock: ₦15,000₦15,000
- Purchases: ₦85,000₦85,000
- Sales: ₦150,000₦150,000
- Closing stock: ₦20,000₦20,000
- Direct departmental expenses: ₦8,000₦8,000

Total rent and rates for the entire business amounted to ₦24,000₦24,000, which is to be apportioned between the Restaurant and Bakery departments in the ratio of floor space occupied (600 m2600\text{ m}^2 and 400 m2400\text{ m}^2, respectively).

What is the net profit of the Restaurant department for the year ended 31 December 2025?

Cevap: 47600 ₦

Cevap

The net profit of the Restaurant department is ₦47,600₦47,600.
To find the departmental net profit, first determine the gross profit by deducting Cost of Goods Sold (₦15,000+₦85,000−₦20,000=₦80,000₦15,000 + ₦85,000 - ₦20,000 = ₦80,000) from Sales (₦150,000₦150,000), yielding ₦70,000₦70,000. Next, apportion rent using floor space ratio (600/1000×₦24,000=₦14,400600/1000 \times ₦24,000 = ₦14,400) and add direct expenses (₦8,000₦8,000) to get total expenses of ₦22,400₦22,400. Subtracting total expenses from gross profit yields a net profit of ₦47,600₦47,600.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Calculate the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) for the Restaurant department
COGS=₦15,000+₦85,000−₦20,000=₦80,000\text{COGS} = ₦15,000 + ₦85,000 - ₦20,000 = ₦80,000
Cost of Goods Sold is determined by adding opening stock to purchases and subtracting closing stock.
2
Calculate the Gross Profit for the Restaurant department
Gross Profit=₦150,000−₦80,000=₦70,000\text{Gross Profit} = ₦150,000 - ₦80,000 = ₦70,000
Gross Profit is calculated by subtracting Cost of Goods Sold from total Sales.
3
Apportion the common rent expense to the Restaurant department based on floor area
Apportioned Rent=6001,000×₦24,000=₦14,400\text{Apportioned Rent} = \frac{600}{1,000} \times ₦24,000 = ₦14,400
Rent expense is divided according to the proportion of total floor space used by the department.
4
Determine total departmental expenses for the Restaurant department
Total Expenses=₦8,000+₦14,400=₦22,400\text{Total Expenses} = ₦8,000 + ₦14,400 = ₦22,400
Total expenses equal direct departmental expenses plus allocated common overheads.
5
Deduct total expenses from gross profit to find the net profit
Net Profit=₦70,000−₦22,400=₦47,600\text{Net Profit} = ₦70,000 - ₦22,400 = ₦47,600
Net Profit is the residual amount after deducting all departmental overheads and direct expenses from gross profit.

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Preparation of Departmental Trading, Profit and Loss Accounts
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