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Zorluk: OrtaOxidation Numbers and IUPAC Nomenclature of Redox Species

Match each chemical formula of the inorganic redox species on the left with its correct IUPAC name on the right.

  • KMnO4KMnO_4Potassium tetraoxomanganate(VII)
  • K2Cr2O7K_2Cr_2O_7Potassium heptaoxodichromate(VI)
  • NaClO3NaClO_3Sodium trioxochlorate(V)
  • Fe2O3Fe_2O_3Iron(III) oxide

Cevap

The correct pairings match KMnO4KMnO_4 to Potassium tetraoxomanganate(VII), K2Cr2O7K_2Cr_2O_7 to Potassium heptaoxodichromate(VI), NaClO3NaClO_3 to Sodium trioxochlorate(V), and Fe2O3Fe_2O_3 to Iron(III) oxide.
Each formula is correctly paired by evaluating the algebraic sum of oxidation numbers to find the oxidation state of the central transition metal or non-metal, then matching the corresponding oxo prefix and Roman numeral according to standard IUPAC conventions.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the oxidation state of Mn in KMnO4KMnO_4
Let oxidation state of Mn be xx: (+1)+x+4(−2)=0  ⟹  x−7=0  ⟹  x=+7(+1) + x + 4(-2) = 0 \implies x - 7 = 0 \implies x = +7.
The sum of oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is equal to zero. This identifies the Roman numeral for manganese as (VII).
2
Determine the oxidation state of Cr in K2Cr2O7K_2Cr_2O_7
Let oxidation state of Cr be xx: 2(+1)+2x+7(−2)=0  ⟹  2x−12=0  ⟹  x=+62(+1) + 2x + 7(-2) = 0 \implies 2x - 12 = 0 \implies x = +6.
The compound contains seven oxygen atoms (heptaoxo) and two chromium atoms (dichromate), giving chromium an oxidation state of (VI).
3
Determine the oxidation state of Cl in NaClO3NaClO_3
Let oxidation state of Cl be xx: (+1)+x+3(−2)=0  ⟹  x−5=0  ⟹  x=+5(+1) + x + 3(-2) = 0 \implies x - 5 = 0 \implies x = +5.
Three oxygen atoms give the prefix 'trioxo', and chlorine has an oxidation state of (V).
4
Determine the oxidation state of Fe in Fe2O3Fe_2O_3
Let oxidation state of Fe be xx: 2x+3(−2)=0  ⟹  2x−6=0  ⟹  x=+32x + 3(-2) = 0 \implies 2x - 6 = 0 \implies x = +3.
Iron has an oxidation state of +3+3, naming the simple binary metal oxide as Iron(III) oxide.

Anahtar Kavram

Calculating central atom oxidation numbers and applying IUPAC nomenclature rules for oxoanions, oxoacids, and binary oxides.
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Konular

Oxidation Numbers and IUPAC Nomenclature of Redox Species

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