Agricultural production systems in Nigeria exhibit a strong spatial distribution governed by the south-to-north latitudinal rainfall gradient. Arrange the following crop and agricultural production belts in order from the far South (highest annual rainfall) to the far North (lowest annual rainfall):
- 1Oil palm and rubber commercial tree crop belt
- 2Cocoa and root tuber (yam and cassava) production belt
- 3Grain maize, grain legumes, and cotton production belt
- 4Millet, sorghum, and pastoral cattle rearing belt
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The correct sequence from South to North is: Oil palm and rubber commercial tree crop belt, followed by Cocoa and root tuber production belt, then Grain maize, grain legumes, and cotton production belt, and finally Millet, sorghum, and pastoral cattle rearing belt.
Agricultural systems in Nigeria are primarily controlled by annual rainfall duration and amount, which decline along a latitudinal gradient from south to north. The southernmost humid forest zone receives the highest rainfall (>2,000 mm), favoring moisture-demanding tree crops like oil palm and rubber. Moving north into the forest-savanna transition, cocoa and root crops dominate. Further north in the sub-humid Guinea Savanna, lower rainfall supports cereal crops like maize and industrial crops like cotton. In the northernmost Sudan and Sahel Savanna, low rainfall (<700 mm) restricts crop farming to drought-resistant grains like millet and sorghum, alongside pastoral cattle herding.
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Anahtar Kavram
Latitudinal Zonation of Agricultural Systems in Nigeria