In Nigeria, commercial oil palm (*Elaeis guineensis*) plantation agriculture is heavily concentrated across the humid southern forest belt in states such as Imo, Ondo, and Akwa Ibom, but cannot be commercially sustained in northern states like Kano or Katsina even with soil fertilization. Which set of environmental constraints primarily explains why commercial oil palm cultivation is unsuccessful in northern Nigeria?
- A prolonged dry season of 5 to 7 months, low atmospheric humidity, and mean annual rainfall below 1,000 mmCevap
- BExcessive annual sunshine hours combined with loose, well-drained sandy soils of the Sudan Savanna
- CHigh incidence of trypanosomiasis vectors and seasonal waterlogging in low-lying river valleys
- DHigh soil acidity levels and low mean annual temperatures during the rainy season
Cevap
A prolonged dry season of 5 to 7 months, low atmospheric humidity, and mean annual rainfall below 1,000 mm
The spatial distribution of tree cash crops in Nigeria is governed primarily by the latitudinal rainfall gradient. Oil palm requires a humid climate with high, well-distributed rainfall exceeding 1,500 mm annually and elevated atmospheric humidity throughout the year. Northern Nigeria suffers from a short rainy season and an extended dry period of 5 to 7 months aggravated by dry Harmattan winds, which severely limits oil palm development and commercial viability.
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Anahtar Kavram
Ecological Zonation of Agricultural Cash Crops in Nigeria
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