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Zorluk: OrtaPollution Types, Causes, Effects, and Control

In urban centers, the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in gasoline engines and power generators releases carbon monoxide (COCO) into the atmosphere. Which of the following best describes the primary physiological effect of this gaseous pollutant on human health?

  1. It binds readily with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, drastically reducing oxygen transport to body tissues.Cevap
  2. B
    It combines with cellular fluid to cause thermal denaturation of metabolic enzymes throughout the body.
  3. C
    It inhibits the photolysis of water within red blood cells, preventing the light reaction of respiration.
  4. D
    It breaks down the peptidoglycan layer of red blood cell membranes, destroying cellular structural integrity.

Cevap

Carbon monoxide binds readily with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, drastically reducing oxygen transport to body tissues.
Carbon monoxide (COCO) is an atmospheric pollutant resulting from incomplete fuel combustion. It binds to hemoglobin with significantly higher affinity than oxygen, forming carboxyhemoglobin. This prevents hemoglobin from binding and transporting oxygen to tissues, causing cellular hypoxia.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the pollutant and its chemical origin
Carbon monoxide (COCO) is a toxic pollutant produced during incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels.
Identifying the source and chemical nature of carbon monoxide clarifies its mode of physiological damage.
2
Analyze the mechanism of carbon monoxide toxicity in the human circulatory system
Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin with an affinity over 200 times greater than that of oxygen, forming carboxyhemoglobin.
This stable complex prevents hemoglobin from binding and transporting oxygen, leading to tissue hypoxia and chemical asphyxiation.

Anahtar Kavram

Air Pollution and Physiological Effects of Carbon Monoxide
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