Examkin

Soru

Zorluk: OrtaPollution Types, Causes, Effects, and Control

A power plant routinely discharges high-temperature cooling water into a freshwater stream, raising the mean water temperature by several degrees. Which of the following best describes the primary immediate ecological consequence of this thermal pollution on the stream's fish population?

  1. Dissolved oxygen concentration decreases while the metabolic rate and oxygen demand of the fish increase.Cevap
  2. B
    Dissolved oxygen solubility increases, causing respiratory enzymes in fish to undergo thermal inactivation from cold shock.
  3. C
    Nitrogen-fixing bacteria rapidly convert dissolved thermal energy into higher energetic yields during cellular respiration.
  4. D
    Energy transfer efficiency between trophic levels doubles, creating an inverted pyramid of energy across the aquatic food web.

Cevap

Dissolved oxygen concentration decreases while the metabolic rate and oxygen demand of the fish increase.
Thermal pollution reduces the solubility of gases in water, leading to a decline in dissolved oxygen levels. Simultaneously, because fish are ectothermic (poikilothermic), an increase in ambient water temperature elevates their metabolic rate and cellular oxygen demand. This dual effect creates a severe physiological stress environment for aquatic life.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the physical effect of increased temperature on gas solubility in water.
Higher water temperatures decrease the solubility of gases, leading to a reduced concentration of dissolved oxygen.
Gas solubility in liquid solvent is inversely proportional to water temperature.
2
Analyze the physiological effect of temperature increase on poikilothermic aquatic organisms (fish).
Increased environmental temperature elevates body temperature and speeds up metabolic reactions, raising physiological oxygen demand.
Fish are poikilothermic and their metabolic rates increase with ambient temperature.
3
Combine the physical and biological impacts to identify the primary ecological hazard.
Fish experience increased respiratory demand in an environment with depleted dissolved oxygen, leading to physiological stress or suffocation.
The combination of decreased supply and increased demand creates severe respiratory distress.

Anahtar Kavram

Thermal Pollution and Aquatic Gas Solubility
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Bu soruyu puanla

Konular

Pollution Types, Causes, Effects, and Control

Bu konudan daha fazla soru