Examkin

Soru

Zorluk: ZorSimple and Fractional Distillation

Liquefied air is a mixture containing predominantly nitrogen (boiling point −196∘C-196^\circ\text{C}), argon (boiling point −186∘C-186^\circ\text{C}), and oxygen (boiling point −183∘C-183^\circ\text{C}). When liquid air undergoes fractional distillation to separate its components industrially, which gas is collected first at the top of the fractionating column, and why?

  1. Nitrogen, because it has the lowest boiling point and boils off first as the temperature rises.Cevap
  2. B
    Oxygen, because its higher boiling point enables it to vaporize more rapidly under column thermal gradient.
  3. C
    Oxygen, because components with higher boiling points condense at the top of the column and exit first.
  4. D
    Argon, because having an intermediate boiling point allows it to displace nitrogen and oxygen at the top fraction.

Cevap

Nitrogen, because it has the lowest boiling point and boils off first as the temperature rises.
In fractional distillation of liquid air, nitrogen has the lowest boiling point (−196∘C-196^\circ\text{C}) compared to argon (−186∘C-186^\circ\text{C}) and oxygen (−183∘C-183^\circ\text{C}). As the temperature of the liquid air is slowly increased, nitrogen reaches its boiling point first, vaporizes, rises to the top of the column, and distills over as the first fraction.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Compare the boiling points of all components in liquid air
Nitrogen: −196∘C-196^\circ\text{C}, Argon: −186∘C-186^\circ\text{C}, Oxygen: −183∘C-183^\circ\text{C}.
The boiling point determines the volatility of each component in a miscible mixture.
2
Identify which component is the most volatile
Nitrogen has the lowest numerical boiling point (−196∘C-196^\circ\text{C}), meaning it requires the least heat to convert from liquid to gas.
Lower boiling point indicates weaker intermolecular forces and higher vapor pressure at a given temperature.
3
Relate boiling order to fractional distillation output
As temperature increases from −200∘C-200^\circ\text{C}, nitrogen reaches its boiling point first, vaporizes, rises to the top of the column, and is collected as the first fraction.
During fractional distillation of liquid air, components with lower boiling points vaporize first and emerge at the top of the fractionating column.

Anahtar Kavram

Order of separation in fractional distillation based on boiling points
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
Bu soruyu puanla

Konular

Simple and Fractional Distillation

Bu konudan daha fazla soru