Examkin

Grammatical Structure

902 soru

Tüm türler902Çoktan seçmeli461Eşleştirme13Boşluk doldurma428
Soru 461Soru →

Complete the sentence below by filling in the blank with the correct plural form of the compound noun.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Several rushed to assist the victims of the road accident before the emergency medical team arrived on the scene.
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Cevap

passers-by
The correct answer is 'passers-by' because in compound nouns consisting of a head noun followed by an adverb or prepositional particle (such as 'passer-by', 'looker-on', or 'runner-up'), the plural suffix '-s' must be added to the principal noun component rather than the particle.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the structure of the compound noun
The compound noun consists of a primary noun ('passer') and a prepositional particle ('by').
Determining which element carries the main nominal headword is necessary for correct plural inflection.
2
Apply the pluralization rule for hyphenated compound nouns
Attach the plural suffix '-s' to the principal noun component, yielding 'passers-by'.
In compound words formed by a noun followed by a preposition or particle, the principal noun takes the plural marker, not the attached particle.

Anahtar Kavram

Pluralization of Hyphenated Compound Nouns
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Soru 462Soru →

Choose the option that correctly completes the sentence below in accordance with the rules of subject-verb agreement:

"Every one of the senior researchers, notwithstanding the conflicting reports published by external auditors, _______ that the project outcomes remain valid."

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Cevap: maintains

Cevap

maintains
The head of the subject is the indefinite pronoun phrase headed by 'Every one', which is grammatically singular. Intervening plural nouns within prepositional phrases ('of the senior researchers') or concessive adjuncts ('notwithstanding the conflicting reports...') do not alter the singular status of the subject head. Consequently, the singular verb 'maintains' is required.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the head of the subject phrase
The subject head is 'Every one', which is a singular indefinite pronoun structure.
In English concord, modifying prepositional phrases such as 'of the senior researchers' do not alter the grammatical number of the head noun or pronoun.
2
Analyze intervening phrases and parenthetical clauses
The clause 'notwithstanding the conflicting reports published by external auditors' is a concessive prepositional adjunct and does not alter the singular agreement requirement.
Intervening plural nouns ('researchers', 'reports', 'auditors') frequently trigger proximity errors, but the verb must strictly agree with the true head subject.
3
Select the verb form matching third-person singular
'maintains' is the correct third-person singular present verb form.
A singular subject requires a singular verb ending in '-s' in the simple present tense.

Anahtar Kavram

Indefinite Pronoun Concord and Error of Proximity
Soru 463Soru →

The panel concluded that the suspect's explanation was completely incompatible _____ the forensic evidence presented during the trial. Which preposition best completes the sentence?

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Cevap: with

Cevap

The preposition 'with' correctly completes the phrase 'incompatible with'.
The adjective 'incompatible' standardly takes the dependent preposition 'with' to express that two facts, ideas, or statements cannot coexist or be mutually true.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the target adjective requiring a dependent preposition.
The target word is 'incompatible'.
Adjectives describing consistency, relationship, or mutual agreement govern specific dependent prepositions.
2
Determine the standard preposition that collocates with 'incompatible'.
The adjective 'incompatible' consistently pairs with 'with'.
In standard English grammar, one item or statement is described as being incompatible with another.

Anahtar Kavram

Dependent Prepositions and Adjective-Preposition Collocations
Soru 464Soru →

Which modal verb phrase correctly completes the sentence below to express a past unfulfilled obligation?

'The chief curator insisted that the rare sixteenth-century manuscript _______ with cotton gloves, but the assistant handled it with bare hands.'

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Cevap: ought to have been handled

Cevap

The correct phrase is 'ought to have been handled', which uses the modal construction for expressing an unfulfilled past obligation in the passive voice.
The phrase 'ought to have been handled' correctly uses the semi-modal verb 'ought to' followed by the perfect passive auxiliary 'have been' and the past participle 'handled'. This structure is the grammatically standard way in English to indicate that a past obligation was expected or required but was ultimately not fulfilled.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the required semantic meaning from the context.
The clause indicates an action that was mandatory in the past but was not performed ('the assistant handled it with bare hands'). This requires a past unfulfilled obligation structure.
Modal auxiliaries express different nuances such as deduction, permission, or past unfulfilled duty based on context.
2
Formulate the correct passive perfect modal structure.
'Ought to' + 'have been' + past participle ('handled') creates 'ought to have been handled'.
The subject ('the rare sixteenth-century manuscript') receives the action, necessitating passive voice in the perfect aspect.
3
Eliminate ungrammatical modal inflections and combinations.
Exclude options containing double modals ('might can'), invalid prepositions after pure modals ('must to'), or irregular past tense inflections ('oughted').
Modal auxiliaries in English cannot be stacked directly or inflected with standard tense suffixes.

Anahtar Kavram

Expressing Past Unfulfilled Obligation with Modal Auxiliaries
Soru 465Soru →

Complete the sentence below by supplying the correct past-tense form of the auxiliary verb 'to be' in each blank to satisfy the rules of grammatical concord.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Neither of the international envoys who dispatched to mediate the border conflict optimistic about achieving a lasting ceasefire.
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Cevap

The first blank requires 'were' and the second blank requires 'was'.
In the subordinate relative clause ('who... dispatched'), the relative pronoun 'who' modifies the plural antecedent noun 'international envoys', necessitating the plural past-tense verb 'were'. In the matrix (main) clause, the true grammatical subject is the head word 'Neither', an indefinite pronoun that takes a singular verb regardless of any intervening plural prepositional phrase, necessitating the singular past-tense verb 'was'.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the grammatical structure of the dependent relative clause containing the first blank.
The relative pronoun 'who' refers to its immediate plural antecedent 'international envoys'.
A relative pronoun agrees in number with its antecedent, so the verb inside the relative clause ('who... dispatched') must be plural ('were').
2
Analyze the subject of the main clause containing the second blank.
The main subject of the sentence is the indefinite pronoun 'Neither'.
'Neither' functions as a singular indefinite pronoun when standing as the head of the noun phrase 'Neither of...', requiring a singular main verb ('was').
3
Combine both verb selections to complete the sentence accurately.
The completed sentence is: 'Neither of the international envoys who were dispatched to mediate the border conflict was optimistic about achieving a lasting ceasefire.'
This satisfies both relative clause antecedent agreement and main clause indefinite pronoun concord.

Anahtar Kavram

Relative Pronoun Antecedent Agreement and Indefinite Pronoun Concord
Soru 466Soru →

The chief auditor stressed that every one of the branches inspected during the quarterly review _______ required to update its accounting ledger immediately.

Which of the following options correctly completes the sentence above?

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Cevap: is

Cevap

The correct option is 'is', as it provides the singular verb required to agree with the singular grammatical subject head 'every one'.
The sentence requires a singular verb because the head of the subject phrase is the singular indefinite expression 'every one'. Intervening prepositional phrases such as 'of the branches' contain plural nouns but do not change the singular nature of the subject head. Therefore, the singular verb 'is' maintains proper grammatical concord.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the complete subject clause and locate the true head word.
The full subject phrase is 'every one of the branches inspected during the quarterly review'. The head word is the singular distributive expression 'every one', while 'of the branches' is a prepositional modifier.
Prepositional phrases intervening between the subject head and the verb do not alter the grammatical number of the subject head.
2
Apply the rule of indefinite pronoun concord.
Indefinite pronoun expressions introduced by 'every one' take a singular verb form regardless of any plural nouns inside the prepositional modifier.
Grammatical agreement in formal English requires the verb to match the head noun in number.
3
Select the verb option that reflects singular present-tense concord.
'is' is the only singular verb option compatible with the sentence structure.
Plural forms like 'are', 'were', and 'have been' violate subject-verb concord with 'every one'.

Anahtar Kavram

Indefinite Pronoun Concord and Error of Proximity
Tahmini Süre:50s
Soru 467Soru →

Complete the sentence below by supplying the correct reported speech form of the verb.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Direct speech: "I am writing an essay," said Musa.
Indirect speech: Musa said that he an essay.
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Cevap

was writing
When changing direct speech to indirect speech with a past-tense reporting verb ('said'), present continuous verbs shift back into the past continuous tense. Therefore, 'am writing' becomes 'was writing'.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the verb tense used in the direct speech clause.
The direct speech verb 'am writing' is in the Present Continuous tense.
Determining the original tense is necessary to apply the appropriate backshift rule when transforming to indirect speech.
2
Apply the backshift rule for reported speech with a past tense reporting verb ('said').
Present Continuous ('am writing') backshifts to Past Continuous ('was writing').
When the main reporting verb is in the past tense ('said'), verbs in direct speech shift back to their corresponding past tense form.

Anahtar Kavram

Tense Backshift in Reported Speech
Tahmini Süre:45s
Soru 468Soru →

Read the sentence below:

"The school counselor emphasized to the graduating class that it is high time they ________ deciding on their career paths."

Which of the following verb forms correctly completes the sentence?

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Cevap: commenced

Cevap

commenced
In standard English grammar, expressions such as 'it is time' or 'it is high time', when followed by a subject, require a past tense verb form (unreal past) to denote an action that ought to have been done already. Therefore, the simple past tense form 'commenced' is grammatically correct.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the introductory fixed expression in the sentence clause.
The sentence contains the expression 'it is high time'.
Structures beginning with 'it is time' or 'it is high time' dictate specific subjunctive/unreal past tense rules.
2
Determine the required grammatical verb form following 'it is high time' + subject.
When a personal subject ('they') follows 'it is high time', the main verb must take the simple past tense form to express present or future unreal urgency.
This is a standard rule of unreal past in English syntax.
3
Select the option corresponding to the simple past tense of the verb.
'commenced' is the simple past form of the verb 'commence'.
Only 'commenced' satisfies the unreal past tense requirement.

Anahtar Kavram

Unreal Past Tense after 'It is high time'
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Soru 469Soru →

Complete the text below by providing the correct restrictive adverb and correlative conjunction required for negative clause inversion.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

had the committee submitted its audit report the board requested an independent review of the financial transactions.
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Cevap

The first blank requires a negative or restrictive adverb such as 'Hardly', 'Scarcely', or 'Barely', and the second blank requires the correlative subordinating conjunction 'when' (or 'before').
In formal English syntax, fronting a restrictive negative adverb like 'Hardly', 'Scarcely', or 'Barely' forces subject-auxiliary inversion ('had the committee'). These adverbs naturally correlate with the temporal subordinating conjunction 'when' to introduce the subsequent event.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the syntactic structure of the initial clause.
The auxiliary verb 'had' precedes the subject 'the committee', indicating subject-auxiliary inversion triggered by a fronted negative/restrictive adverbial modifier.
In formal English grammar, placing restrictive adverbs at the beginning of a sentence requires inversion of the auxiliary verb and subject.
2
Identify the appropriate restrictive adverb for the first blank.
'Hardly', 'Scarcely', or 'Barely' functions correctly as a fronted negative adverb causing subject-auxiliary inversion.
These adverbs denote that one action occurred almost immediately after another when paired with the past perfect tense.
3
Determine the corresponding correlative conjunction for the second blank.
The subordinating conjunction 'when' (or 'before') correctly completes the correlative pair with 'Hardly'/'Scarcely'/'Barely'.
'Hardly... when' and 'Scarcely... when' are fixed correlative structures in standard English syntax. Using 'than' would be incorrect as 'than' pairs exclusively with comparative structures like 'No sooner'.

Anahtar Kavram

Negative Adverbial Inversion and Correlative Modifiers
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Soru 470Soru →

Complete the passive version of the active sentence below by writing the correct passive verb phrase in the blank provided.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Active sentence: The audit committee is currently examining the quarterly financial statements.
Passive sentence: The quarterly financial statements by the audit committee.
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Cevap

are currently being examined
The active sentence uses the present continuous tense ('is currently examining') with a plural direct object ('quarterly financial statements'). In the passive form, the plural noun phrase becomes the subject, requiring the plural continuous passive verb structure 'are currently being examined' (or 'are being examined').

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the tense and aspect of the main verb phrase in the active sentence.
The phrase 'is currently examining' uses the present continuous tense.
The auxiliary verb 'is' combined with the present participle 'examining' indicates an ongoing action in the present.
2
Identify the object of the active sentence and convert it to the subject of the passive sentence.
The active object 'the quarterly financial statements' becomes the subject of the passive construction.
In passive transformations, the direct object takes the subject position.
3
Form the present continuous passive verb structure matching the new plural subject.
Plural subject 'statements' requires plural auxiliary 'are' + continuous passive marker 'being' + past participle 'examined'.
Present continuous passive constructions follow the formula: [am/is/are] + being + past participle.

Anahtar Kavram

Passive Transformation of Present Continuous Tense with Plural Subject Agreement
Soru 471Soru →

Which verb form correctly completes the blank in the sentence below?

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Mrs. Adeleke English language at the community secondary school since 2015.
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Cevap

The correct form is 'has taught' or 'has been teaching'.
The preposition 'since' denotes the starting point of a situation that extends up to the present. The present perfect form ('has taught') or present perfect continuous form ('has been teaching') accurately expresses this ongoing temporal relationship with the singular subject.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the time adverbial phrase in the sentence.
The phrase 'since 2015' marks an action that originated in the past and continues into the present.
Time markers introduced by 'since' require a verb in the present perfect or present perfect continuous tense.
2
Select the verb form matching the third-person singular subject.
'has taught' (or 'has been teaching') agrees in person and number with 'Mrs. Adeleke'.
The singular auxiliary verb 'has' combined with the past participle 'taught' correctly establishes the present perfect aspect.

Anahtar Kavram

Present Perfect Tense with 'Since'
Soru 472Soru →

Complete the sentence below by supplying the correct form of the verb in parentheses to satisfy the rules of subject-verb concord.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Neither the classroom teacher nor the students satisfied with the recent exam schedule.
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Cevap

were (or are)
The blank requires a plural verb form ('were' or 'are') because when two subject elements are joined by 'neither... nor', grammatical concord dictates that the verb agrees with the noun phrase nearest to it. Since 'the students' is plural and sits adjacent to the verb slot, the verb must be plural.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the compound subject structure.
The subject components are 'the classroom teacher' (singular) and 'the students' (plural), joined by the correlative conjunction 'neither... nor'.
Correlative conjunctions like 'neither... nor' require applying the rule of proximity concord.
2
Determine which subject element is closer to the verb.
The plural noun phrase 'the students' is positioned closest to the blank space.
According to the principle of proximity concord, when subjects of different numbers are connected by 'neither... nor', the verb must agree in number with the subject noun phrase nearest to it.
3
Select the matching plural verb form.
The plural verb 'were' (or 'are') agrees with 'the students'.
A plural subject noun nearest to the verb slot mandates a plural verb form.

Anahtar Kavram

Proximity Concord
Tahmini Süre:45s
Soru 473Soru →

Which preposition correctly completes the fixed prepositional phrase in the sentence below?

"To avoid severe regulatory sanctions, all municipal development projects must be executed in strict accordance ______ national safety standards."

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Cevap: with

Cevap

The preposition that correctly completes the phrase is 'with'.
The compound prepositional phrase 'in accordance with' is a standard English fixed expression meaning in conformity with or following a specific rule, regulation, or standard. Therefore, 'with' is the only grammatically correct choice.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the multi-word prepositional structure in the sentence.
The target structure is the fixed three-word prepositional phrase 'in accordance ______'.
English grammar requires specific fixed prepositions to complete standard multi-word prepositional phrases.
2
Select the correct complementary preposition required by 'in accordance'.
The correct complement is 'with', yielding 'in accordance with'.
The standard English idiomatic collocation expressing conformity to established rules or standards is strictly 'in accordance with'.

Anahtar Kavram

Fixed Prepositional Phrases and Collocations
Soru 474Soru →

During the corporate restructuring process, the parent company was strongly advised to divest itself _______ all unprofitable subsidiaries to avert imminent liquidation. Which preposition correctly fills the blank space in the sentence?

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Cevap: of

Cevap

The preposition 'of' correctly completes the sentence.
The verb 'divest' strictly requires the dependent preposition 'of' when used to mean stripping, dispossessing, or riding oneself of property, authority, or assets.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the main verb and predicate structure requiring a dependent preposition.
The verb in question is 'divest' used reflexively ('divest itself').
Certain verbs in English require specific dependent prepositions to complete their meaning.
2
Determine the standard prepositional collocation for the verb 'divest'.
The established grammatical structure is 'divest [someone/something] of [something]'.
'Divest' means to deprive, dispossess, or sell off, and traditionally governs the preposition 'of'.
3
Evaluate the options against standard formal usage.
Only 'of' forms a standard, correct prepositional phrase with 'divest'.
Substitutions like 'from' or 'off' stem from literal transfer errors or incorrect analogies with verbs like 'separate from'.

Anahtar Kavram

Dependent prepositions governing verbs of dispossessing and relinquishment
Soru 475Soru →

Which of the following options correctly completes the complex clause structure in the sentence below?

'_________ the chief finance officer audited the financial accounts thoroughly, the accounting discrepancies would have been detected long before the annual general meeting.'

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Cevap: Had

Cevap

Had
The correct option is 'Had' because in formal English, when the conditional conjunction 'if' is omitted from a third conditional clause (past unreal condition), the auxiliary verb 'had' front-shifts before the subject to create an inverted clause structure ('Had the chief finance officer audited...'). This matches the past modal perfect main clause ('would have been detected').

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the main clause structure and tense
The main clause uses 'would have been detected', which signals a third conditional (past unreal/unfulfilled condition).
Third conditional sentences require a past perfect structure in the subordinate condition clause.
2
Evaluate conditional clause inversion rules
When the conditional conjunction 'if' is omitted in a third conditional clause, auxiliary inversion occurs by moving 'Had' to the initial position before the subject.
Inverted structure 'Had + subject + past participle' is grammatically equivalent to 'If + subject + had + past participle'.
3
Select the option that correctly implements this inverted clause rule
'Had' creates the grammatically sound subordinate clause 'Had the chief finance officer audited...'.
This satisfies both the subtonic inversion rule and the third conditional tense requirement.

Anahtar Kavram

Inverted Conditional Clauses (Third Conditional Inversion)
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
Soru 476Soru →

Every one of the research assistants who _____ working on the environmental survey _____ required to submit an independent summary. Which of the options correctly completes the sentence?

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Cevap: are / is

Cevap

The option containing 'are / is' correctly satisfies both subject-verb agreement rules.
The sentence contains two distinct clauses with separate concord requirements. In the subordinate relative clause, 'who' takes the plural verb 'are' because its antecedent is the plural noun 'research assistants'. In the main clause, the head subject is the singular indefinite pronoun 'Every one', which governs the singular main verb 'is'. The pair 'are / is' correctly satisfies both requirements.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the subject and verb agreement for the relative clause: 'who _____ working on the environmental survey'
The relative pronoun 'who' refers directly to the plural noun antecedent 'research assistants'. Therefore, the relative clause requires a plural verb form ('are').
A relative pronoun agrees in number with its antecedent noun.
2
Analyze the main clause subject and its corresponding verb: 'Every one ... _____ required to submit...'
The head of the main clause subject is the indefinite pronoun 'Every one', which is grammatically singular and requires the singular verb form ('is').
Indefinite pronouns such as 'each', 'every one', and 'either' take singular verbs regardless of intervening plural prepositional phrases.
3
Combine the results to select the matching pair
The first blank requires 'are' and the second blank requires 'is', yielding 'are / is'.
Only this combination satisfies both relative clause antecedent concord and main clause indefinite pronoun concord.

Anahtar Kavram

Subject-Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns and Relative Clause Antecedents
Soru 477Soru →

Fill in the blank to complete the passive voice equivalent of the active sentence: 'The heavy rain destroyed the crops.'

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

The crops by the heavy rain.
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Cevap

were destroyed
The active sentence is in the simple past tense and features the plural object 'the crops'. To transform it into passive voice, 'the crops' becomes the subject and requires the plural simple past auxiliary verb 'were' followed by the past participle 'destroyed', forming 'were destroyed'.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the tense of the main verb in the active sentence.
The verb 'destroyed' is in the simple past tense.
Passive voice transformations must maintain the same tense as the active sentence.
2
Identify the new subject and select the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb 'to be'.
The plural noun phrase 'The crops' becomes the subject, requiring the plural simple past auxiliary verb 'were'.
The auxiliary verb must agree in number with the new subject.
3
Combine the auxiliary verb with the past participle form of the main verb.
Combining 'were' with 'destroyed' produces 'were destroyed'.
Passive voice structures consist of an appropriate form of 'be' followed by the past participle of the main verb.

Anahtar Kavram

Passive voice transformation in the simple past tense
Soru 478Soru →

Which option accurately completes the correlative and inverted clause structures in the sentence below?

"Neither the chief accountant nor the auditors ________ convinced by the financial statement, nor ________ the managing director offer a plausible explanation."

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Cevap: were / did

Cevap

The correct option is 'were / did'.
In sentences using the correlative conjunction 'neither... nor', proximity concord dictates that the verb must agree with the noun subject closest to it. Here, 'auditors' is plural, so the plural past verb 'were' is grammatically correct. Furthermore, when the negative coordinating conjunction 'nor' introduces the second independent clause, negative subject-auxiliary inversion occurs. The simple past tense auxiliary verb 'did' preserves sequence of tenses with 'were' and correctly precedes the subject 'the central bank governor' and bare infinitive main verb 'offer'.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the subject-verb concord in the first clause joined by the correlative conjunction 'neither... nor'.
The compound subject consists of singular 'chief accountant' and plural 'auditors'. According to the principle of proximity, the verb must agree with the subject closest to it ('auditors').
When subjects are connected by 'neither... nor', the verb agrees in number with the nearer subject noun phrase.
2
Determine the correct verb form for the first blank based on proximity concord.
The plural past verb 'were' is required to agree with 'auditors'.
'Auditors' is plural, requiring the plural past tense verb form 'were'.
3
Analyze the clause structure following the negative conjunction 'nor' in the second part of the sentence.
The initial negative coordinator 'nor' requires negative clause inversion (auxiliary verb + subject + main verb).
When a clause begins with a negative conjunction like 'nor', Subject-Auxiliary Inversion is mandatory.
4
Select the auxiliary verb for the inverted second clause that maintains tense agreement.
The past auxiliary 'did' correctly pairs with the bare infinitive 'offer' and aligns with the simple past tense established in the first clause.
The sentence describes completed past events, necessitating past tense auxiliary 'did' rather than present tense 'has'.

Anahtar Kavram

Correlative Conjunction Proximity Concord and Negative Subject-Auxiliary Inversion
Soru 479Soru →

In the sentence below, which relative pronoun correctly establishes the possessive relationship required to complete the clause?

'The governing council commended the principal researcher, _______ innovative methodology resolved the long-standing analytical anomaly.'

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Cevap: whose

Cevap

The possessive relative pronoun 'whose' correctly connects the subordinate relative clause to the antecedent antecedent noun phrase.
The correct option is 'whose' because it is the possessive relative pronoun needed to show that the 'innovative methodology' belongs to the antecedent 'the principal researcher'. In complex sentences, possessive relative clauses require 'whose' directly preceding the noun being possessed.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the syntactic structure of the sentence following the blank.
The word following the blank is the noun phrase 'innovative methodology', which functions as the subject of the subordinate verb 'resolved'.
Determining the grammatical role of the noun phrase establishes whether an objective, subjective, or possessive connector is required.
2
Determine the relationship between the antecedent 'the principal researcher' and the noun phrase 'innovative methodology'.
The methodology belongs to or was created by the researcher, requiring a possessive relative pronoun.
Relative clauses indicating ownership or attribution over a noun require possessive relative determiners.
3
Select the correct relative pronoun form.
'Whose' functions as the possessive relative pronoun for both human and non-human antecedents.
'Whose' satisfies both the possessive dependency and relative clause joining requirements.

Anahtar Kavram

Relative Pronouns and Clause Structure (Possessive Relative Clauses)
Soru 480Soru →

Read the sentence below:

'During the annual summit, the executive committee pronounced the recently drafted policy an indispensable framework for regional development.'

What is the grammatical function of the bolded noun phrase in the sentence above?

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Cevap: Object complement

Cevap

The bolded noun phrase acts as an object complement because it follows the direct object and completes its meaning after the complex transitive verb 'pronounced'.
The phrase 'an indispensable framework for regional development' serves as an object complement. Complex transitive verbs such as 'pronounced', 'declared', 'found', or 'considered' require an object complement to complete the predicate regarding the direct object ('the recently drafted policy').

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the main verb and its clause structure
The main verb is 'pronounced', which is a complex transitive verb taking both a direct object and an object complement.
Determining the verb type helps identify the syntactic roles of following noun phrases.
2
Identify the direct object
'the recently drafted policy' receives the action of being pronounced.
The entity directly affected or declared by the verb is the direct object.
3
Determine the relation of the bolded phrase to the direct object
'an indispensable framework for regional development' defines the quality or status predicated upon the direct object.
A noun phrase that predicates an identity or quality onto the direct object functions as an object complement.

Anahtar Kavram

Syntactic Functions of Noun Phrases (Object Complement)
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Grammatical Structure Alıştırma Soruları — JAMB UTME — Sayfa 24 | Examkin