Lexis and Vocabulary

997 soru

Soru 121Soru

Which idiomatic expression correctly completes the sentence below to indicate a total and comprehensive acquisition?

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Rather than acquiring only the firm's manufacturing division, the conglomerate bought the entire enterprise , taking over all its assets, liabilities, and patents.
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Cevap

The correct idiomatic expression is 'lock, stock, and barrel'.
The idiomatic expression 'lock, stock, and barrel' means completely and entirely, leaving nothing out. In the sentence provided, it accurately describes the total purchase of the enterprise along with all its associated components.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the context of the sentence.
The sentence describes buying an entire business enterprise comprehensively, including all of its physical assets, debts, and patents.
Contextual clues point to an idiom that signifies complete, all-inclusive ownership or takeover.
2
Identify the precise English idiomatic expression that expresses total inclusion.
The expression 'lock, stock, and barrel' means entirely or including every single part.
Historically referring to the three essential parts of a firearm, the phrase has evolved into a standard idiom representing total completeness.

Anahtar Kavram

Idioms and Idiomatic Expressions
Soru 122Soru

The magistrate advised the defendant to seek professional legal ________ before entering a plea. Which of the following words correctly completes the sentence?

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Cevap: counsel

Cevap

The correct word to fill the blank is 'counsel'.
The word 'counsel' is correct because it functions as a noun meaning legal advice or guidance provided by a lawyer, which fits the sentence context perfectly.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the context of the sentence
The sentence describes a legal situation where a defendant needs professional legal advice or guidance from a lawyer.
Identifying the required part of speech and context is essential for selecting the correct homonym.
2
Evaluate the meanings of the confusable words
'Counsel' means legal advice or a lawyer; 'council' means an administrative committee; 'consul' means a diplomatic officer; 'console' means to comfort.
Distinguishing between phonetically similar words ensures accurate lexical selection.
3
Select the contextually appropriate term
'Counsel' fits both grammatically and semantically.
Only 'counsel' provides the exact meaning of legal advice required by the sentence.

Anahtar Kavram

Words Commonly Confused and Homonyms
Soru 123Soru

Complete the sentence below by providing the correct word for each blank.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Rather than remaining in the face of widespread institutional corruption, the newly appointed auditor launched a thorough investigation, carefully navigating the legal regulations to expose all fraudulent practices.
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Cevap

Blank 1 requires 'complacent' (meaning self-satisfied or unconcerned in the face of danger or error), while Blank 2 requires 'tortuous' (meaning full of twists and turns, highly complex or convoluted).
The context demands 'complacent' in the first blank to convey passive self-satisfaction or apathy toward corrupt practices, and 'tortuous' in the second blank to describe intricate, winding legal regulations.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the context of the first blank to determine the intended meaning.
The clause contrasts launching an active investigation with remaining passively unconcerned about corruption. The correct word is 'complacent', not 'complaisant'.
'Complacent' means marked by self-satisfaction or uncritical apathy, whereas 'complaisant' means overly eager to please or oblige others.
2
Analyze the context of the second blank to distinguish between orthographically similar paronyms.
The sentence describes navigating intricate, highly complex legal processes. The correct word is 'tortuous', not 'torturous'.
'Tortuous' means winding, crooked, or excessively complex, whereas 'torturous' means involving or causing severe pain or torture.

Anahtar Kavram

Distinguishing between commonly confused paronyms (complacent/complaisant and tortuous/torturous) in formal discourse.
Tahmini Süre:1m 30s
Soru 124Soru

During the parliamentary inquiry, the managing director offered only CIRCUMSPECT responses to the committee's probing questions, taking care not to disclose proprietary financial details. Which of the following options is most nearly opposite in meaning to the bold word as used in the sentence?

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Cevap: Reckless

Cevap

Reckless
In the context of the sentence, 'circumspect' means careful, prudent, and guarded against taking unnecessary risks. The word 'reckless' means rash, careless, and unmindful of consequences, making it the exact antonym of circumspect.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the contextual meaning of the target word CIRCUMSPECT in the sentence.
In this context, 'circumspect' describes someone who is cautious, guarded, and prudent to avoid committing errors or revealing sensitive information.
Determining the precise contextual sense of the word is required before seeking its antonym.
2
Determine the word opposite in meaning (antonym) to being cautious and guarded.
The opposite of exercising caution and prudence is acting in a rash, careless, or reckless manner.
An antonym must negate the specific core meaning of the target word in context.
3
Evaluate the choices to select the accurate antonym while avoiding distractor traps.
'Reckless' is the correct antonym, whereas 'prudent' is a synonym, 'circular' is a paronym distractor, and 'diplomatic' is a register mismatch.
This step validates the correct option against the specific error taxonomy of JAMB UTME items.

Anahtar Kavram

Antonyms and Words Opposite in Meaning
Soru 125Soru

Complete the sentence below by filling in the blank with a word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the emphasized word. Which word best completes the blank?

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Although the new director was criticized for his OSTENTATIOUS lifestyle and flashy display of wealth, his predecessor was widely admired for being and restrained.
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Cevap

modest (or unassuming / understated / humble)
The word 'OSTENTATIOUS' describes behavior intended to attract notice, show off, or impress others with wealth or style. The word 'modest' (or 'unassuming') represents the exact opposite attribute, referring to someone who is reserved, humble, and unpretentious.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the meaning of the emphasized target word.
The word 'OSTENTATIOUS' means showy, pretentious, or designed to impress and attract attention.
Understanding the baseline vocabulary word is necessary before seeking its opposite.
2
Analyze the contrast indicator in the sentence structure.
The opening word 'Although' and the contrast between 'criticized' and 'admired' indicate that the blank requires a trait directly contrasting with ostentatiousness.
Sentence context dictates that the required word must mean quiet, moderate, or unpretentious.
3
Determine the exact contextual antonym.
'modest' (or 'unassuming') is the precise antonym of ostentatious.
A modest person avoids attracting attention and does not make pretentious displays of wealth or status.

Anahtar Kavram

Contextual Antonyms
Soru 126Soru

To prepare thoroughly for her upcoming examination, Amina decided to burn the midnight oil every night. What is the meaning of the expression *burn the midnight oil* in this context?

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Cevap: To study or work late into the night

Cevap

To study or work late into the night
The idiomatic expression 'burn the midnight oil' means to stay up late reading, studying, or working. In the context of exam preparation, it highlights extra effort spent studying late into the night.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the context of the sentence
Amina is preparing for an upcoming examination and needs extra preparation time.
Contextual clues indicate an effort to achieve academic success through dedicated study.
2
Identify the figurative meaning of the idiom
The phrase 'burn the midnight oil' historically refers to using oil lamps to read or work past bedtime, which figuratively means studying or working late into the night.
Idioms cannot be understood by taking their individual words literally; their established figurative meaning must be applied.

Anahtar Kavram

Idioms and Idiomatic Expressions
Tahmini Süre:45s
Soru 127Soru

Although the defeated candidate had every reason to harbor bitterness after the contentious election campaign, her MAGNANIMOUS gesture toward the victor surprised both her supporters and opponents alike.

In the sentence above, which word is MOST NEARLY OPPOSITE in meaning to the capitalized word?

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Cevap: vindictive

Cevap

The word most nearly opposite in meaning to 'magnanimous' is 'vindictive'.
In the given sentence, 'magnanimous' describes a generous, forgiving, and noble attitude despite a bitter conflict. The word 'vindictive' means spiteful and eager for revenge, making it the direct opposite in meaning.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the contextual meaning of the capitalized word
In the context of reacting graciously after a bitter election, 'magnanimous' means noble, forgiving, and generous in spirit.
Determining contextual meaning is required before identifying its true antonym.
2
Evaluate the options for the exact opposite meaning
'Vindictive' (unforgiving, revengeful) represents the direct opposite of a forgiving, noble gesture.
An antonym must express the opposing quality in the same contextual domain of personal temperament.

Anahtar Kavram

Identifying Contextual Antonyms
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Soru 128Soru

Match each advanced vocabulary word in the left column with the word in the right column that is most nearly opposite in meaning to it.

Soldaki öğeye tıklayın, sonra eşleşen sağdaki öğeye tıklayın

Öğeler

Tractable
Recondite
Equanimity
Prolix

Eşleşmeler

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Cevap

The correct pairings are: Tractable matches Refractory; Recondite matches Manifest; Equanimity matches Perturbation; Prolix matches Laconic.
Each word is matched with its exact antonym: 'Tractable' (easily led) contrasts directly with 'Refractory' (stubbornly resistant); 'Recondite' (deeply hidden or obscure) contrasts with 'Manifest' (clearly visible or obvious); 'Equanimity' (mental calmness) contrasts with 'Perturbation' (mental distress or turmoil); and 'Prolix' (overly lengthy in speech/writing) contrasts with 'Laconic' (brief and concise).

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the core meaning of each target vocabulary word in the left column.
Tractable means compliant/manageable; Recondite means abstruse/obscure; Equanimity means composure/calmness; Prolix means verbose/wordy.
Defining the left items accurately is necessary to identify their exact contextual opposites.
2
Examine the meaning of each potential antonym in the right column.
Perturbation means agitation/disquiet; Refractory means obstinate/unmanageable; Laconic means concise/terse; Manifest means obvious/evident.
Understanding the definitions in the right column allows precise contrast against the left items.
3
Pair each word from the left column with its corresponding opposite from the right column.
Tractable pairs with Refractory, Recondite pairs with Manifest, Equanimity pairs with Perturbation, and Prolix pairs with Laconic.
Each pair establishes a direct relationship of semantic opposition.

Anahtar Kavram

Identifying strict contextual antonyms for high-level tertiary English vocabulary.
Tahmini Süre:2m 0s
Soru 129Soru

During the parliamentary debate on fiscal policy, the finance minister and the opposition leader continued to lock horns over the proposed tax reforms. Which of the following best expresses the meaning of the underlined idiomatic expression?

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Cevap: engage in a prolonged dispute or conflict

Cevap

The idiomatic expression 'lock horns' means to engage in a disagreement, dispute, or conflict.
The idiomatic phrase 'lock horns' derives from the imagery of animals with horns locking them together in combat. Figuratively, it means to enter into a heated argument, debate, or conflict with someone.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Identify the underlined idiomatic expression in the sentence
The expression is 'lock horns'.
Contextual analysis requires focusing on the figurative meaning of the specific idiom.
2
Analyze the context of a parliamentary debate between political opponents
The context implies conflict or argumentation over policy.
Debates between political rivals typically involve opposing viewpoints.
3
Select the option that reflects the figurative meaning of conflict
The option stating 'engage in a prolonged dispute or conflict' correctly defines 'lock horns'.
The phrase originates from animals clashing their horns together during a fight, symbolizing conflict.

Anahtar Kavram

Idioms and Idiomatic Expressions
Soru 130Soru

Complete the sentence below by supplying a word opposite in meaning to the bold capitalized word.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

Although the lead researcher presented a PERSPICUOUS argument in favor of the new hypothesis, the reviewing panel found the methodology to be and difficult to interpret.
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Cevap

obscure (or vague / ambiguous / opaque / nebulous)
The word 'perspicuous' means clearly expressed, lucid, or easy to understand. The sentence opens with the contrast marker 'Although', indicating that while the argument was clear, the methodology was the opposite. Words such as 'obscure', 'vague', or 'ambiguous' express an absence of clarity and precisely serve as antonyms to 'perspicuous'.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the contextual meaning of the capitalized word 'PERSPICUOUS'.
'Perspicuous' means clearly expressed, lucid, and easy to understand.
Understanding the target vocabulary word is required to identify its opposite.
2
Analyze the sentence structure for contrast clues.
The subordinating conjunction 'Although' signals a contrast between the researcher's clear argument and the panel's perception of the methodology.
The missing word must convey an opposite quality to clarity to complete the contrast alongside 'difficult to interpret'.
3
Select an appropriate antonym.
Words such as 'obscure', 'vague', 'ambiguous', or 'opaque' mean unclear and difficult to perceive, providing the exact antonym required.
Inserting an antonym maintains the logical coherence of the sentence.

Anahtar Kavram

Contextual Antonyms
Soru 131Soru

Read the sentence context below and fill in the blank with a single word that is nearest in meaning to the target word in brackets.

Aşağıdaki boşlukları doldurun

The CEO's [magnanimous] gesture of allocating a portion of company profits to the employees' welfare fund was praised as exceptionally .
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Cevap

generous (or benevolent / altruistic / charitable)
The word 'magnanimous' means generous, forgiving, or noble in spirit. In the given sentence, a word such as 'generous' or 'benevolent' fits the context of an unselfish act of giving to an employee welfare fund.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the meaning of the target word 'magnanimous' in context.
'Magnanimous' refers to showing noble, generous, or unselfish behavior, especially toward others.
The context describes donating corporate funds for employee welfare, indicating selfless giving.
2
Select a fitting synonym to complete the sentence.
The word 'generous' (or 'benevolent') captures the essence of selfless giving and fits the grammatical structure of the sentence.
It maintains the original meaning and natural tone of the sentence.

Anahtar Kavram

Contextual synonyms and vocabulary nearest in meaning
Soru 132Soru

During the pre-publication phase of an academic textbook, the editorial team sent the author preliminary set-up pages printed in continuous columns without final page breaks, specifically intended for detecting typographical errors. Which specialized publishing term refers to these preliminary printed sheets?

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Cevap: galley proofs

Cevap

The term 'galley proofs' is the correct specialized publishing term for preliminary trial pages printed for proofreading before final printing.
In the publishing and printing industry, 'galley proofs' (or 'galleys') are trial impressions taken from set type before it is divided into pages. They allow authors, editors, and proofreaders to detect and fix typographical errors early in the production workflow.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the scenario context and occupational domain.
The context involves book publishing, typesetting, and pre-publication error checking.
Identifying the domain (Publishing and Printing) narrows the relevant specialized register terms.
2
Distinguish between terms related to pre-publication, typesetting, and post-publication stages.
'Galley proofs' refers specifically to continuous column trial prints created after typesetting but before final page layout.
Other terms represent either raw author submissions (manuscripts), post-printing corrections (errata), or standalone publications (offprints).

Anahtar Kavram

Occupational and Specialized Registers in Publishing and Printing
Soru 133Soru

Despite his initial reluctance to address the press regarding the sudden policy changes, the committee members managed to __________ him to speak at the summit. Which option correctly completes the sentence?

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Cevap: prevail upon

Cevap

The phrasal verb 'prevail upon' correctly completes the sentence.
The phrasal verb 'prevail upon' (or 'prevail on') means to successfully persuade or induce someone to do something, which precisely fits the context of convincing a reluctant speaker.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the context of the sentence to determine the required meaning.
The subject is reluctant, but the committee successfully influences or persuades him to speak.
The blank requires a verb-preposition combination meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince someone'.
2
Evaluate the phrasal/prepositional verb meanings.
'Prevail upon' means to persuade someone to do something. 'Prevail over' and 'prevail against' mean to defeat or triumph over an adversary.
Choosing the particle 'upon' yields the precise idiomatic sense demanded by the context.

Anahtar Kavram

Phrasal and Prepositional Verbs: Particle Selection and Contextual Meaning
Soru 134Soru

While the board of directors expected an exhaustive audit, the chief inspector provided only a PERFUNCTORY examination of the financial statements. Which word is opposite in meaning to the capitalized word as used in the sentence?

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Cevap: painstaking

Cevap

The word opposite in meaning to 'PERFUNCTORY' is 'painstaking'.
In the given sentence, 'PERFUNCTORY' is used to describe an examination that is conducted hastily, casually, and without interest or thoroughness. The word 'painstaking' means showing intense diligence, care, and meticulous attention to detail, making it the precise antonym required.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the contextual meaning of the capitalized word 'PERFUNCTORY'.
In the sentence, 'perfunctory' describes an examination done hastily, superficially, and without genuine care or detail.
Understanding the context is essential for identifying the precise contextual antonym.
2
Identify the word among the choices that expresses the exact opposite idea.
'Painstaking' means showing diligent care and meticulous thoroughness, which directly opposes the careless and superficial nature of 'perfunctory'.
A contextual antonym must provide the contrasting meaning appropriate for describing an examination or evaluation.

Anahtar Kavram

Identifying contextual antonyms for formal English vocabulary in complex sentence structures.
Soru 135Soru

Match each phrasal or prepositional verb listed in Column A with its corresponding contextual meaning in Column B.

Soldaki öğeye tıklayın, sonra eşleşen sağdaki öğeye tıklayın

Öğeler

harp on
whittle down
zero in on
bargain for

Eşleşmeler

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Cevap

'harp on' matches with 'To talk continuously and tediously about a particular matter'; 'whittle down' matches with 'To reduce the overall size or quantity of something gradually'; 'zero in on' matches with 'To direct all undivided attention toward a specific subject or target'; and 'bargain for' matches with 'To anticipate or take into account as a likely possibility'.
Each phrasal verb correctly corresponds to its established figurative definition: 'harp on' means to dwell on something tediously; 'whittle down' means to cut back or reduce gradually; 'zero in on' means to focus sharply; and 'bargain for' means to anticipate or factor in.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the expression 'harp on'
Identify that the verb refers to repetitive, wearisome talk on one subject.
'Harp on' derives from repeatedly playing the same string or tune, figuratively meaning to dwell tediously on a topic.
2
Analyze the expression 'whittle down'
Identify that it refers to progressive reduction.
Literally cutting small shavings off wood to shape it translates idiomatically to shaving down numbers or options.
3
Analyze the expression 'zero in on'
Identify that it signifies precise focus.
Originating from sight alignment, it means targeting or bringing full focus onto a specific issue.
4
Analyze the expression 'bargain for'
Identify that it signifies expectation or anticipation.
Commonly used in negative contexts (e.g., 'more than I bargained for'), meaning something expected or factored into calculations.

Anahtar Kavram

Understanding contextual meanings of idiomatic phrasal and prepositional verbs in English
Tahmini Süre:1m 0s
Soru 136Soru

Which of the following words correctly completes the sentence below?

'The driver kept the vehicle ______ while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.'

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Cevap: stationary

Cevap

The correct word to complete the sentence is 'stationary'.
The word 'stationary' is an adjective meaning not moving or remaining in a fixed position, which accurately describes a vehicle stopped at a traffic light.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the sentence context
The sentence describes a vehicle remaining still at a traffic light.
Understanding context determines whether an adjective denoting immobility or a noun denoting writing supplies is required.
2
Distinguish between the homophones 'stationary' and 'stationery'
'Stationary' means unmoving (adjective), while 'stationery' refers to writing materials (noun).
Identifying the correct spelling ensures accurate word selection based on part of speech and meaning.

Anahtar Kavram

Distinguishing between homophones and commonly confused words based on context and grammatical function.
Tahmini Süre:45s
Soru 137Soru

During the economic summit, the finance minister defended the government's PARSIMONIOUS budgetary allocations to public healthcare as a temporary measure to curb inflation. Which of the following words is MOST NEARLY OPPOSITE in meaning to the word PARSIMONIOUS as used in the sentence?

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Cevap: munificent

Cevap

The word most nearly opposite in meaning to 'parsimonious' is 'munificent'.
In this context, 'parsimonious' describes spending or allocation that is extremely tight, miserly, or frugal. The word 'munificent' means characterized by liberal generosity or lavishness, making it the exact antonym required.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the contextual meaning of the highlighted word
In the context of government budgeting that limits funding to public healthcare to curb inflation, 'parsimonious' means excessively frugal, meager, or stingy.
Understanding the exact contextual connotation of the target word is required before searching for its antonym.
2
Evaluate candidate antonyms against the target meaning
'Munificent' signifies characterized by great generosity or bountifulness, which directly contrasts with being meager and stingy in spending.
An antonym must express the opposite quality along the same semantic spectrum.
3
Eliminate distractors based on error categories
'Penurious' is a synonym (stingy/poor), 'prudent' reflects general financial caution rather than generosity, and 'fiscal' is a domain descriptor.
Distractors exploit prompt inversion (synonym for antonym) and register misapplication.

Anahtar Kavram

Contextual Antonyms and Advanced Lexical Contrast
Tahmini Süre:1m 15s
Soru 138Soru

Far from adopting a TRUCULENT posture during the protracted labor dispute, the union leader maintained a surprisingly cooperative disposition, seeking peaceful compromises at every turn.

Which of the following words is most nearly OPPOSITE in meaning to the capitalized word as used in the sentence?

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Cevap: conciliatory

Cevap

The word most nearly opposite in meaning to 'TRUCULENT' is 'conciliatory'.
In the context of the sentence, 'TRUCULENT' means eager or quick to argue, aggressive, or defiant. The sentence establishes a clear contrast between a truculent posture and a cooperative disposition aimed at peaceful compromise. The word 'conciliatory' means intended or likely to pacify and build consensus, which is the exact opposite of being truculent.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the target word within its syntactical context
The target word 'TRUCULENT' describes a hostile, combative, or defiant stance. The sentence contrast phrase 'Far from adopting...' followed by 'cooperative disposition' and 'seeking peaceful compromises' confirms that 'truculent' carries an aggressive, non-cooperative meaning.
Identifying the contextual meaning of the target word is necessary before searching for its antonym.
2
Determine the required relationship
The prompt demands the word most nearly OPPOSITE in meaning (antonym).
Focusing on the prompt requirement avoids prompt inversion errors.
3
Evaluate option meanings against the target word
'Conciliatory' means peacemaking, accommodating, or seeking compromise, which directly opposes the aggressive defiance of 'truculent'.
'Conciliatory' provides the precise semantic opposite needed to complete the sentence's contextual contrast.

Anahtar Kavram

Antonyms and Words Opposite in Meaning in Context
Soru 139Soru

After extended debate, the delegates managed to ________ a resolution that satisfied both factions. Which of the following phrasal verbs best completes the sentence?

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Cevap: hammer out

Cevap

hammer out
The expression 'hammer out' idiomatically means to discuss something intensively until a formal agreement or solution is produced.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Analyze the sentence context
The context describes delegates coming to a mutually acceptable agreement after intense debate.
The blank requires a phrasal verb that signifies crafting or negotiating a decision through thorough discussion.
2
Evaluate the phrasal verb options
'Hammer out' is the established standard English phrasal verb meaning to settle or finalize an agreement.
The particles 'in', 'on', and 'off' do not form standard idiomatic phrasal verbs expressing resolution.

Anahtar Kavram

Phrasal Verbs with Idiomatic Meanings
Soru 140Soru

Match each target word emphasized in Column A with its exact word opposite in meaning (antonym) from Column B.

Soldaki öğeye tıklayın, sonra eşleşen sağdaki öğeye tıklayın

Öğeler

The manager praised the worker's PROMPT response to the urgent email.
The committee reached a UNANIMOUS decision after brief deliberations.
The weather conditions remained HARSH throughout the winter month.
She was an EXPONENT of democratic governance in the region.

Eşleşmeler

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Cevap

'PROMPT' matches with 'Delayed'; 'UNANIMOUS' matches with 'Divided'; 'HARSH' matches with 'Mild'; and 'EXPONENT' matches with 'Opponent'.
Each emphasized word in Column A is paired correctly with its direct opposite in Column B based on standard English lexical definitions.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the contextual meaning of each capitalized target word in Column A.
'Prompt' indicates quickness, 'unanimous' indicates complete agreement, 'harsh' indicates severity, and 'exponent' indicates a supporter or advocate.
Understanding the precise contextual definition of each term is necessary to find its opposite.
2
Pair each word in Column A with its corresponding exact opposite term from Column B.
Match 'Prompt' to 'Delayed', 'Unanimous' to 'Divided', 'Harsh' to 'Mild', and 'Exponent' to 'Opponent'.
Antonyms express directly opposing or contrasting semantic qualities.

Anahtar Kavram

Contextual Antonyms and Word Meanings
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