Tüm alıştırma soruları

Which of the following represents all possible values of $x$ that satisfy the inequality $-2(x - 4) + 9 > 2x + 5$?

The Chand Baori in Rajasthan, India, is one of the deepest stepwells in the world, built in the ninth century to conserve water in the arid region. The structure features over $3\text{}500$ narrow steps arranged in perfect symmetry, descending $13$ stories. Uniquely, the air at the bottom of the well remains consistently $5$ to $6$ degrees cooler than at the surface. Historical records show that the stepwell served not only as a crucial water reservoir but also as a community gathering place during periods of intense heat, with royalty using the adjacent pavilions for theatrical performances. However, modern geological surveys indicate that the local water table has receded significantly, leaving the lowest levels of the well dry for several decades.

Based on the text, what is true of the Chand Baori?

While researching mycorrhizal networks, a student takes the following notes:
* Mycorrhizal networks are underground webs formed by fungi that connect the roots of neighboring plants.
* These networks allow plants to share nutrients, water, and chemical warning signals.
* In 1997, ecologist Suzanne Simard conducted a landmark study on Douglas fir and paper birch trees in British Columbia.
* The study tracked the movement of carbon isotopes and showed that Douglas firs transferred carbon to paper birches via fungal links.
* Simard's research provided the first concrete field evidence of interspecies resource sharing through mycorrhizal networks.

The student wants to summarize the landmark study and its findings. Which choice most effectively uses information from the given notes to accomplish this goal?

For centuries, historians believed that the widespread use of cowrie shells as currency in precolonial West Africa was a symptom of economic isolation from global trading networks. However, recent archaeological excavations at several major market sites have revealed that West African merchants actively managed complex, multi-currency systems that integrated local shell valuations with European silver and North African gold. To facilitate transactions across diverse linguistic groups, traders developed standardized baskets of uniform volume to measure large quantities of shells, effectively fixing their value relative to weight. This adaptation demonstrates that rather than indicating a primitive and closed market, cowrie-based trade was a sophisticated system capable of adjusting to and facilitating regional and trans-Saharan commerce.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

The Antarctic icefish (family Channichthyidae) lives in the extremely cold waters of the Southern Ocean. Unlike all other known vertebrates, icefish lack hemoglobin, the iron-rich protein that transports oxygen through the blood, leaving their blood translucent. To compensate for this absence, icefish have evolved several physiological adaptations: they possess exceptionally large hearts, a high volume of circulating blood, and a dense network of capillaries. Furthermore, icefish can absorb oxygen directly through their scaleless skin from the highly oxygenated polar waters. Despite these adaptations, their oxygen-carrying capacity is only about ten percent of that of typical red-blooded fish, restricting them to stable, cold environments where oxygen levels remain high.

Based on the text, what is true of the oxygen-carrying capacity of the Antarctic icefish's blood?

Archaeologists analyzing organic residues on pottery vessels from the Neolithic site of Çatalhöyük identified fatty acids characteristic of both dairy products and wild ruminant fat. While dairy residues were consistently found on smaller, wide-mouthed vessels that show signs of direct heating, wild animal fats were restricted to larger, narrow-necked storage jars that lacked soot accumulation. Researchers have long debated whether Neolithic populations processed dairy separately from hunted meat or if the vessels were used interchangeably depending on seasonal availability. The distinct correlation between vessel form, residue type, and heating wear indicates that _______.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

In 1610, Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei pointed his newly improved telescope at the night sky and ______ four of the largest moons orbiting Jupiter. Today, these moons—Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto—are known as the Galilean satellites. This historic observation provided critical evidence that supported the Copernican theory that Earth is not the center of the universe.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

To protect the structural integrity of historical stone monuments, conservators often apply chemical consolidants that penetrate the stone and bind its loose grains together. These treatments can successfully arrest the decay caused by weathering and pollution, extending the lifespan of irreplaceable cultural heritage. These chemical interventions, ______ can inadvertently alter the stone's porosity, trapping moisture beneath the surface and potentially accelerating internal deterioration over time.

Which choice completes the passage with the most logical transition?

Hydrothermal vent chimneys form when mineral-rich fluids precipitate in cold ocean water. Researchers historically assumed that chimney growth rates depend primarily on venting fluid temperature, with hotter fluids driving faster precipitation. However, geochemist Elena Vance and colleagues analyzed vents along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and observed that chimneys exposed to moderate-temperature fluids ($200^\circ\text{C}$ to $280^\circ\text{C}$) grew just as quickly as those exposed to ultra-hot fluids (above $350^\circ\text{C}$). The team found that moderate-temperature fluids contain much higher concentrations of dissolved sulfides, which precipitate immediately upon seawater contact, whereas ultra-hot fluids contain minerals that remain dissolved longer at high pressures. Which choice most logically completes the text?

While researching two types of fluorescent proteins, a student took the following notes:
* Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is derived from the jellyfish *Aequorea victoria*.
* GFP exhibits a peak excitation wavelength of 395 nanometers (nm).
* GFP emits green light at a peak wavelength of 509 nm.
* Engineered red fluorescent protein (RFP) variants are derived from the sea anemone *Discosoma* species.
* RFP variants exhibit a peak excitation wavelength of 558 nm.
* RFP variants emit red light at a peak wavelength of 583 nm.

The student wants to contrast the peak excitation wavelengths of GFP and RFP. Which choice most effectively uses information from the given notes to accomplish this goal?

What form of the verb 'use' correctly completes the passage to reflect the present-day context?

In consumer psychology, the "decoy effect" occurs when the introduction of a third, asymmetric option changes a buyer's preference between two original options. Psychologist Dr. Kenji Tanaka hypothesized that this cognitive bias is not universal; specifically, he proposed that individuals who habitually engage in high levels of analytical, detail-oriented cognitive processing evaluate options based on absolute utility, making them less susceptible to the decoy effect than individuals who rely on intuitive, holistic processing. To test this hypothesis, Tanaka grouped participants by their cognitive style (analytical or intuitive) and presented them with consumer choices first with, and then without, decoy options. Which choice, if true, would most directly support Tanaka's hypothesis?

In the study of historical linguistics, the reconstruction of extinct proto-languages—a painstaking process that relies heavily on the comparative method and the meticulous cataloging of systematic sound correspondences across descendant tongues—_______ a rigorous framework for understanding prehistoric migrations. By analyzing these lexical links, researchers can map the divergence of ancient communities before the advent of written records.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

While planning a presentation on landmark astronomical discoveries, a student takes the following notes:
* In 1967, astrophysicist Jocelyn Bell Burnell detected a regular, repeating radio signal from space.
* The signal pulsed precisely once every 1.33 seconds.
* Burnell and her advisor, Antony Hewish, nicknamed the source "LGM-1" (for "Little Green Men").
* They later determined the signal was emitted by a rapidly spinning neutron star.
* This type of star is now known as a pulsar, and its discovery proved the existence of neutron stars.

The student wants to summarize the discovery of pulsars. Which choice most effectively uses information from the given notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching the Greenland shark, a student takes the following notes:
* The Greenland shark (*Somniosus microcephalus*) is a large deep-water species native to the North Atlantic.
* In a 2016 study, marine biologist Julius Nielsen and his team used radiocarbon dating on the eye lenses of 28 female Greenland sharks to estimate their ages.
* The researchers estimated the oldest shark in the study to be approximately 392 years old.
* The study concluded that the Greenland shark is the longest-lived vertebrate species known on Earth.
* Greenland sharks grow very slowly, at a rate of about one centimeter per year, and do not reach sexual maturity until they are about 150 years old.

The student wants to summarize the 2016 study and its primary finding. Which choice most effectively uses information from the given notes to accomplish this goal?

Silbo Gomero is a whistled language used by inhabitants of the Canary Islands to communicate across deep ravines. Because whistles carry much further than spoken words, this phonetic system effectively replicates the Spanish language using varied pitches and durations. However, researchers have found that the brain processes Silbo Gomero not in the auditory cortex typical for non-linguistic sounds, but in the left temporal lobe, which is traditionally associated with spoken language. This neurological activity suggests that the human brain adapts its language centers to decode complex acoustic signals regardless of their physical medium. Consequently, whistled communication is processed as a true language rather than a simple signaling system.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

Historians have long debated the agricultural capacity of the ancient Maya during the Classic period (250–900 CE), with some arguing that Maya farming was strictly localized and relied entirely on simple rain-fed slash-and-burn techniques. Archaeologist Dr. Marcus Vance, however, contends that the Maya constructed sophisticated, regional water-management systems that integrated canals and reservoirs to sustain crop yields and support dense populations throughout prolonged dry seasons. Which finding from Vance's archaeological excavations, if true, would most directly support his contention?

Text 1
For decades, animal behaviorists have argued that play behavior in juvenile ravens is primarily a social bonding mechanism. By engaging in mock fights and cooperative object play, young ravens establish social hierarchies and forge stable alliances that persist well into their adulthood. Proponents of this hypothesis point to observational data showing that juvenile ravens play far more frequently in group settings than when they are isolated, and that the frequency of these play interactions directly predicts their future alliances within the flock.

Text 2
While play behavior in juvenile ravens undoubtedly has social consequences, research suggests its primary evolutionary function is motor skill development and cognitive preparation for foraging. In a series of longitudinal studies, researchers observed that juvenile ravens who engaged extensively in solitary object play—manipulating twigs, pinecones, and stones—exhibited significantly higher success rates in retrieving hidden food sources as adults. Therefore, play is best understood not merely as a social tool, but as an essential training ground for physical survival.

Based on the passages, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the claim in Text 1 that play behavior is primarily a social bonding mechanism?

During volcanic eruptions, vast plumes of iron-rich ash are carried by winds and deposited into the nutrient-deficient surface waters of the subarctic Pacific Ocean. ______ marine phytoplankton, whose growth is typically restricted by the scarcity of dissolved iron in these high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll regions, undergo rapid multiplication and generate massive, satellite-visible algal blooms that temporarily alter the local marine ecosystem.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

For decades, historical linguists assumed that the Etruscan language, which was spoken in ancient Italy, was entirely isolated and shared no common origins with other Mediterranean tongues. _________ recent structural analyses of ancient Aegean inscriptions have revealed striking morphological similarities between Etruscan and Lemnian, challenging the long-held isolation hypothesis.

Which choice completes the passage with the most logical transition?