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Zorluk: OrtaGandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

Consider the following statements regarding the early local Satyagrahas led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1918:

1. The Ahmedabad Mill Strike marked the first instance where Mahatma Gandhi undertook a hunger strike as a political technique during the freedom struggle in India.
2. In the Kheda Satyagraha, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel played a major role alongside Gandhi in organizing peasants to withhold revenue payment due to crop failure.
3. During the Ahmedabad Mill Strike, Gandhi advised the workers to demand a 35% wage increase after analyzing the mill owners' profits and economic conditions.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A
    1 and 2 only
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3Cevap

Cevap

All three statements (1, 2, and 3) are correct.
All three statements are correct. In March 1918, Mahatma Gandhi undertook his first hunger strike in India during the Ahmedabad Mill Strike, convincing workers to demand a 35% wage increase rather than an unviable higher percentage. Shortly after in 1918, Gandhi led the Kheda Satyagraha alongside Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel to support peasants affected by crop failure whose demands for land revenue suspension were rejected by British authorities.

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1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding the Ahmedabad Mill Strike.
Statement 1 is correct. The Ahmedabad Mill Strike of March 1918 was the first time Mahatma Gandhi used a hunger strike as a weapon of Satyagraha in India to bolster the workers' resolve.
Gandhi went on a fast to pressure the mill owners and prevent workers from giving up their protest.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding the Kheda Satyagraha.
Statement 2 is correct. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, along with Indulal Yagnik and others, became a devoted follower of Gandhi during the Kheda Satyagraha (1918), organizing peasants to demand revenue suspension after crop failures.
Kheda was Gandhi's first Non-Cooperation movement on a local scale, and Patel served as the primary field organizer.
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding the compromise wage demand.
Statement 3 is correct. While workers originally demanded a 50% plague bonus continuation, Gandhi mediated, conducted an inquiry into living costs, and advised workers to settle on a fair 35% wage hike demand.
The tribunal eventually awarded the full 35% wage increase requested by Gandhi.

Anahtar Kavram

Early Gandhian Local Satyagrahas (Ahmedabad Mill Strike and Kheda Satyagraha, 1918)
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Gandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

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