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Zorluk: ZorSoils, Natural Vegetation, and Agriculture in India

Consider the following statements regarding soil characteristics and natural vegetation patterns in India:

1. Peaty soils (locally termed 'Kari') occurring in the coastal tracts of Kottayam and Alappuzha districts of Kerala are characterized by heavy texture, high accumulation of organic matter, and strong acidity due to the presence of ferrous sulphate.
2. The 'Shola' forests of the Nilgiris, Anaimalai, and Palani hills represent temperate forests restricted to high-altitude montane regions above approximately 1,500 metres.
3. Black soils (Regur) of the Deccan Trap are naturally rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic humus, while being highly deficient in calcium carbonate, magnesia, and iron oxides.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 onlyCevap
  2. B
    1 and 3 only
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2, and 3

Cevap

Statements 1 and 2 only are correct.
Statements 1 and 2 are accurate statements of geography: Peaty (Kari) soils of coastal Kerala possess heavy texture, high organic accumulation, and high acidity; while Peninsular temperate montane forests above 1,500 m elevation are classified as Sholas. Statement 3 is incorrect because black soils are poor in nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter, though rich in calcium, magnesia, and iron.

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1
Analyze Statement 1 regarding Peaty soils (Kari) in Kerala.
Peaty soils formed under humid conditions in coastal Kerala contain up to 40-50% organic matter, are heavy/black, and exhibit strong acidity due to ferrous sulphate formation during dry periods. Statement 1 is correct.
Evaluates pedological properties of marshy/peaty soil formations in southern India.
2
Analyze Statement 2 regarding Shola forests in the Peninsular montane regions.
The temperate forests in the higher reaches of the Nilgiris, Anaimalai, and Palani hills (above 1,500 m altitude) are known as Sholas. Statement 2 is correct.
Evaluates altitudinal zonation and terminology of Southern Indian natural vegetation.
3
Analyze Statement 3 regarding the chemical composition of Black soils (Regur).
Black soils are derived from basaltic volcanic lava (Deccan Trap). Chemically, they are rich in calcium carbonate, magnesia, potash, and lime, but deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic humus. Statement 3 is incorrect.
Identifies common misconception regarding mineral content vs organic nutrient status in black soil.

Anahtar Kavram

Soil chemical profiles and montane vegetation zonation in India
Tahmini Süre:2m 0s
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Konular

Soils, Natural Vegetation, and Agriculture in India

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