Examkin

Soru

Zorluk: OrtaGynecologic Oncology

Match each specific gynecologic ovarian neoplasm with its most characteristic serum tumor marker used for clinical diagnosis and disease monitoring.

  • DysgerminomaElevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
  • Yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumorElevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
  • Granulosa cell tumorElevated inhibin
  • ChoriocarcinomaElevated beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
  • High-grade serous ovarian carcinomaElevated cancer antigen 125 (CA-125)

Cevap

Dysgerminoma matches with LDH. Yolk sac tumor matches with AFP. Granulosa cell tumor matches with inhibin. Choriocarcinoma matches with beta-hCG. High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma matches with CA-125.
Each histologic subtype of ovarian cancer produces highly specific biomarkers. Accurately pairing the neoplasm with its biochemical marker is critical for initial diagnosis, evaluating response to chemotherapy, and early detection of disease relapse.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Determine the broad histologic category for each ovarian tumor.
Identify if the tumor is epithelial (serous), sex cord-stromal (granulosa), or germ cell (dysgerminoma, yolk sac, choriocarcinoma).
Tumor lineage dictates the biochemical markers secreted into the bloodstream.
2
Correlate germ cell tumors with their specific embryologic markers.
Dysgerminomas typically secrete LDH, Yolk sac tumors secrete AFP, and Choriocarcinomas secrete beta-hCG.
Germ cell tumors replicate structures of early human development. For example, the yolk sac produces AFP similar to the fetal liver, and trophoblasts produce hCG similar to the placenta.
3
Correlate non-germ cell tumors with their characteristic markers.
Granulosa cell tumors secrete inhibin. Epithelial serous carcinomas express CA-125.
Granulosa cells physiologically produce inhibin. CA-125 is a glycoprotein heavily expressed by derivatives of the coelomic epithelium.

Anahtar Kavram

Gynecologic Oncology Tumor Markers
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Konular

Gynecologic Oncology

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