All practice questions

Match each rock type listed on the left with its corresponding mode of origin or formation process on the right.

In human geography, a rural settlement in which buildings are constructed in an elongated line along a river bank, coastline, or major transport route is classified as which type of pattern?

Mass wasting processes exhibit varying rates of movement depending on slope gradient, water content, and material composition. Arrange the following mass wasting processes in order of increasing velocity of downslope movement, from the slowest process to the fastest process.

In a registered agricultural cooperative society in Oyo State, Nigeria, a member who contributed $40\%$ of the society's share capital but generated only $5\%$ of its total annual purchases demands voting power proportional to his financial investment and a share of the annual surplus based strictly on his capital contribution. According to Rochdale principles governing cooperative societies, which of the following statements correctly refutes both of his demands?

The following information was extracted from the accounting records of Kalu & Sons for the year ended 31 December 2025:

- Opening balances at 1 January 2025: Debit balance $₦45,000$, Credit balance $₦1,200$
- Total sales (including cash sales of $₦70,000$): $₦320,000$
- Cash and cheques received from customers: $₦210,000$
- Discount allowed to customers: $₦4,500$
- Cheques received from customers dishonoured: $₦3,800$
- Bad debts written off: $₦2,200$
- Provision for doubtful debts: $₦5,000$
- Cash refunded to a customer for overpayment: $₦1,500$
- Set-off against balance in purchases ledger: $₦6,000$
- Closing credit balance at 31 December 2025: $₦800$

What is the closing debit balance of the Sales Ledger Control Account at 31 December 2025?

At the end of an accounting period, a trading enterprise holds two categories of unsold inventory with the following details:

- Product Alpha: Cost price of $\text{N}28,000$, estimated selling price of $\text{N}32,000$, and estimated selling expenses of $\text{N}5,000$.
- Product Beta: Cost price of $\text{N}42,000$, estimated selling price of $\text{N}50,000$, and estimated selling expenses of $\text{N}3,000$.

In accordance with the prudence concept, what is the total valuation of closing stock to be credited to the Trading Account in Naira?

Under the Sale of Goods Act, a breach of an implied condition entitles the buyer to repudiate the contract and reject the goods, whereas a breach of an implied warranty entitles the buyer only to claim damages.

On a topographical map, a series of V-shaped contour lines have their apexes (pointed ends) pointing towards higher elevation. Which of the following relief features is represented by this contour pattern?

A topographical map with a scale of $1 : 100,000$ depicts a reservoir that covers an area of $16\text{ cm}^2$ on the map. If the map is reduced to a new scale of $1 : 250,000$, what is the area of the reservoir on the new reduced map in square centimeters ($\text{cm}^2$)?

On 12 June 2026, Mabera Merchants bought goods costing ₦500,000 on credit from Danladi & Sons, subject to a 10% trade discount. On the same day, the firm also bought office furniture on credit for ₦120,000 from Woodworks Ltd. What is the total amount to be recorded in Mabera Merchants' Purchases Journal for these transactions?

An accountant preparing the financial statements for Prime Retail Enterprises compiled the following summary of operational balances at the end of the trading period:

- Gross sales: $\text{₦}250,000$
- Returns inwards: $\text{₦}10,000$
- Opening inventory: $\text{₦}45,000$
- Purchases: $\text{₦}160,000$
- Returns outwards: $\text{₦}8,000$
- Carriage inwards: $\text{₦}5,000$
- Carriage outwards: $\text{₦}7,000$
- Goods withdrawn by proprietor for personal use: $\text{₦}12,000$
- Closing inventory: $\text{₦}35,000$

What is the gross profit of Prime Retail Enterprises for the period?

Apex Recreation Club received $\text{N}50,000$ in cash as total subscriptions from its members during the year. Subscriptions in arrears at the start of the year were $\text{N}5,000$, while subscriptions paid in advance at the start of the year were $\text{N}4,000$. At the end of the year, subscriptions in arrears were $\text{N}6,000$, and subscriptions paid in advance were $\text{N}3,000$. What amount in Naira will be credited to the Income and Expenditure Account as subscription income for the year?

A retail store operates two departments, Department X and Department Y. For the year ended 31 December 2025, the following financial details are provided:

- Department X Gross Profit: ₦150,000
- Direct administrative expenses for Department X: ₦25,000
- Total Rent and Rates: ₦60,000 (apportioned based on floor space: Department X occupies $1,200\text{ m}^2$ and Department Y occupies $800\text{ m}^2$)
- Total Staff Salaries: ₦40,000 (apportioned based on staff headcount: Department X has 6 employees and Department Y has 4 employees)

What is the Net Profit of Department X in Naira (₦)?

Match each partnership revaluation transaction or event on the left with its correct accounting entry or treatment on the right.

Koko Plc offered $100,000$ ordinary shares of $\text{₦}1.00$ each at a premium of $20\%$. Payment terms per share were as follows:
- On application: $\text{₦}0.30$
- On allotment: $\text{₦}0.40$ (including the full premium)
- On first and final call: $\text{₦}0.50$

Applications were received for $120,000$ shares. The company allotted shares on a pro-rata basis to all applicants, with surplus application money applied towards the amount due on allotment. If all monies due on allotment were paid, what is the net cash amount (in Naira) received on allotment?

The Earth's total physical environment is composed of internal structural layers and external environmental spheres. Which of the following correctly identifies a feature or process belonging to the Earth's external structure?

During a geological survey in a mountainous terrain, an engineering team extracts a fine-grained, foliated metamorphic rock characterized by distinct slatey cleavage that allows it to split easily into thin, flat, durable slabs suitable for high-grade roofing tiles. Which parent rock underwent low-grade regional metamorphism to produce this specific rock?

A commercial poultry farmer purchased a feed-milling machine from an equipment dealer after expressly making known to the seller that the machine must process at least 500 kg of grain per hour to sustain farm operations. Upon delivery, the machine could process only 100 kg per hour, rendering it completely unsuitable for the buyer's stated needs. Under the Sale of Goods Act, which legal remedy is available to the farmer?

Complete the statement below by filling in the blank with the correct geographical term.

At the end of a financial year, a trader's physical stock count reveals total inventory costing $\text{N}120,000$. An item of inventory included in this count with a cost of $\text{N}25,000$ was damaged and can be sold for $\text{N}18,000$ after incurring necessary repair costs of $\text{N}3,000$. In accordance with the prudence concept, what is the value of closing stock to be reported in the financial statements?