All practice questions

30 questions

Question 1Question

A university establishes a new scholarship fund on September 15, 2195, which happens to be a Friday. The founding document states that a major administrative review of the fund will occur exactly 1212 years later on September 15, 2207. What day of the week will this review take place?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Friday; friday; FRIDAY

Answer

Friday
The 1212-year period from 2195 to 2207 contains only 22 leap years (2196 and 2204). The year 2200 is a century year not divisible by 400400, meaning it is a common year with 365365 days. The total shift in days of the week is equal to the number of years (1212) plus the number of extra leap days (22), resulting in a total shift of 1414 days. Since 1414 is a perfect multiple of 77, there are 00 odd days. The day of the week shifts by exactly 00 days, meaning the review will also take place on a Friday.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the total number of years in the given interval.
From 2195 to 2207 is exactly 1212 years.
This sets the baseline shift, as every standard year shifts the calendar by at least 11 day.
2
Determine the number of leap years in this 12-year interval.
The years divisible by 44 in this range are 2196, 2200, and 2204. However, century years are only leap years if divisible by 400400. Since 2200 is not divisible by 400400, it is not a leap year. Thus, there are only 22 leap years: 2196 and 2204.
Each leap year adds an additional 11 day to the shift because it has 366366 days instead of 365365.
3
Calculate the total number of odd days (total shift in days of the week).
Each normal year contributes 11 odd day, and each leap year contributes 22 odd days. For 1212 years with 22 leap years, the easiest calculation is: 1212 (one for each year) +2+ 2 (extra day for each leap year) =14= 14 days.
This gives the absolute number of days the weekday will advance.
4
Determine the final day of the week.
A shift of 1414 days is exactly 22 full weeks (1414 divided by 77 leaves a remainder of 00). Therefore, the day of the week remains the same. Friday +0+ 0 days == Friday.
Days of the week repeat every 77 days, so we use modulo 77 arithmetic.

Key Concept

Calculating day of the week shifts across century boundaries, accounting for the rule that non-400 century years are not leap years.
Question 2Question

A global climate summit was inaugurated on Tuesday, March 15, 2016. Based on the standard Gregorian calendar, on what day of the week will the same date fall in the year 2027?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Monday; monday; MONDAY

Answer

Monday
To find the day of the week, we track the odd days. Between 2016 and 2027, there are 11 years, providing a baseline of 11 odd days. The interval strictly crosses two leap days (in 2020 and 2024), adding 2 more odd days. Crucially, the 2016 leap day is not counted because the interval starts in March, after February 29th. The total is 13 odd days13 \text{ odd days}, and since 13(mod7)=613 \pmod{7} = 6, shifting 6 days forward from Tuesday gives Monday.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Calculate the total number of years between the two dates.
20272016=11 years2027 - 2016 = 11 \text{ years}
Each standard year shifts the calendar forward by 1 odd day1 \text{ odd day} because 365(mod7)=1365 \pmod{7} = 1.
2
Identify the leap days (February 29th) that actually fall within this specific date range.
Only 22 leap days are crossed: February 29, 2020, and February 29, 2024.
Although 2016 is a leap year, its February 29th occurred before the start date of March 15, 2016, so it does not add an extra day to this interval.
3
Calculate the total number of odd days accumulated over the interval.
11 base days+2 leap days=13 total odd days11 \text{ base days} + 2 \text{ leap days} = 13 \text{ total odd days}
Combining the normal year shifts and the extra days from leap years gives the total day shift.
4
Determine the final day of the week by taking the total odd days modulo 7.
13(mod7)=6 odd days13 \pmod{7} = 6 \text{ odd days}. Tuesday +6 days=Monday+ 6 \text{ days} = \text{Monday}.
The days of the week operate on a 7-day repeating cycle.

Key Concept

The inclusion of a leap year's extra day in a calculation strictly depends on whether February 29th falls within the exact given date interval, not just whether the year itself is a leap year.

Alternative Method

Instead of grouping odd days at the end, you can calculate the day year-by-year: 2016 to 2017 (+1, Wednesday), 2017 to 2018 (+1, Thursday), 2018 to 2019 (+1, Friday), 2019 to 2020 (+2 due to Feb 2020, Sunday), and so on, arriving at Monday for 2027.
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 3Question

Read the following information carefully:
In a family of seven members—A,B,C,D,E,F,A, B, C, D, E, F, and GG—spanning three generations:
AA is the father-in-law of DD, who is married to BB.
CC is the only brother-in-law of BB and has no children.
EE is the paternal grandmother of FF.
GG is the daughter of CC's sister.
FF is the brother of GG.

What is the relationship of CC to FF?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Maternal uncle; Maternal Uncle; maternal uncle; Uncle; uncle

Answer

Maternal uncle
Based on the given conditions, DD is married to BB, and CC is DD's brother. Since GG is the daughter of CC's sister (DD) and FF is the brother of GG, DD is the mother of FF. Therefore, CC, being the brother of FF's mother, is the maternal uncle of FF.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the first-generation and second-generation parent-in-law link.
AA is the father-in-law of DD, who is married to BB. This implies BB is the child of AA, and DD is BB's spouse.
A father-in-law is the father of one's spouse.
2
Deduce the sibling relationship and gender of DD and BB.
CC is the brother-in-law of BB and has a sister whose daughter is GG. Since DD is married to BB, DD must be CC's sister, establishing DD as female and BB as male.
Since CC is BB's brother-in-law and has a sister with children, DD is that sister.
3
Determine the third-generation parentage and verify the paternal grandmother clue.
GG is the daughter of DD, and FF is the brother of GG, making both FF and GG the children of BB (father) and DD (mother). EE is the paternal grandmother of FF, so EE is BB's mother married to AA.
Siblings FF and GG share parents BB and DD.
4
Establish the relationship of CC to FF.
Since CC is the brother of DD (who is FF's mother), CC is the maternal uncle of FF.
The brother of one's mother is defined as a maternal uncle.

Key Concept

Blood Relations - Multi-generational Family Tree Deduction
Question 4Question

If 1st January 2004 was a Thursday, what day of the week was 1st January 2005?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Saturday; saturday

Answer

Saturday
The correct answer is Saturday. The year 2004 is a leap year containing 366 days. Since the time period from 1st January 2004 to 1st January 2005 includes February 29th, there are 2 odd days. Advancing 2 days from Thursday results in Saturday.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine if the year 2004 is a leap year.
2004 is divisible by 4, so it is a leap year containing 366 days.
Leap years include an extra day (29th February).
2
Calculate the number of odd days between 1st January 2004 and 1st January 2005.
366 days divided by 7 equals 52 weeks and 2 odd days (366(mod7)=2366 \pmod 7 = 2).
Full weeks do not change the day of the week, so only the remainder (odd days) shifts the day.
3
Advance the given day by the number of odd days.
Thursday + 2 days = Saturday.
Adding 2 odd days to Thursday moves the day forward to Saturday.

Key Concept

Calculating day of the week shifts across leap years using odd days
Question 5Question

A standard analog clock indicates the time is exactly 4:10. Calculate the smaller angle, in degrees, formed between the hour hand and the minute hand.

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 65; 65°; 65 degrees

Answer

65 degrees
At exactly 4:10, the minute hand has moved 6060^\circ from the top of the clock, and the hour hand has moved 120120^\circ for the four hours plus an extra 55^\circ for the ten minutes passed. The difference between their specific positions (125125^\circ and 6060^\circ) is exactly 6565^\circ.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Calculate the angular position of the minute hand relative to the 12 o'clock mark.
The minute hand is at 10 minutes, which corresponds to an angle of 10×6=6010 \times 6^\circ = 60^\circ.
The minute hand moves 360360^\circ in 60 minutes, which equals a speed of 66^\circ per minute.
2
Calculate the angular position of the hour hand relative to the 12 o'clock mark.
The hour hand has moved past the 4 o'clock mark. Its position is 4×30+10×0.5=120+5=1254 \times 30^\circ + 10 \times 0.5^\circ = 120^\circ + 5^\circ = 125^\circ.
The hour hand moves 3030^\circ per hour and an additional 0.50.5^\circ per minute due to continuous drift.
3
Find the absolute difference between the two angular positions to determine the angle between the hands.
12560=65|125^\circ - 60^\circ| = 65^\circ.
The angle between the two hands is simply the absolute difference of their individual positions from the 12 o'clock reference point.

Key Concept

Clock hand angular positioning and the calculation of hour-hand drift.
Question 6Question

In a certain code language, the word ORANGE is written as PSBOHF. Following the exact same coding rule, what is the code for the word GRAPE?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: HSBQF; hsbqf

Answer

The code for the word GRAPE is HSBQF.
Each letter in the original word is shifted forward by one position in the alphabet. Applying this +1 shift to the letters of GRAPE gives G -> H, R -> S, A -> B, P -> Q, and E -> F, resulting in the code HSBQF.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the rule used to transform ORANGE into PSBOHF.
Each letter in ORANGE is shifted forward by 1 position in the English alphabetical sequence: O (+1) -> P, R (+1) -> S, A (+1) -> B, N (+1) -> O, G (+1) -> H, E (+1) -> F.
Identifying the pattern of adding 1 to each letter's alphabetical rank determines the coding rule.
2
Apply the +1 forward letter shift rule to each letter of GRAPE.
G (+1) -> H, R (+1) -> S, A (+1) -> B, P (+1) -> Q, E (+1) -> F.
Applying the same rule consistently to all letters produces the correct decoded word.

Key Concept

Forward Alphabetical Position Shift
Question 7Question

If January 15, 1894 fell on a Monday, what day of the week was January 15, 1904?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Friday; friday; FRIDAY

Answer

Friday
The period from January 15, 1894 to January 15, 1904 covers exactly 10 years. Within this period, we must count how many times February 29th is crossed. The year 1896 contributes one extra day. The year 1900 is a century year not divisible by 400, so it is a common year and contributes no extra days. The year 1904 is a leap year, but because the end date is January 15, we do not cross its February 29th, so it also contributes no extra days to this interval. The total number of odd days is 10 (for the 10 years) + 1 (for 1896) = 11. Dividing 11 by 7 leaves a remainder of 4. Four days after Monday is Friday.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the total number of years between the two dates.
The interval from January 15, 1894 to January 15, 1904 is exactly 10 years.
This provides the base number of odd days, as each standard 365-day year shifts the day of the week by 1.
2
Identify the leap years that contribute an extra day (February 29) strictly within this interval.
The only leap year whose February 29th is crossed is 1896.
The year 1896 is a regular leap year. The year 1900 is a century year not divisible by 400, so it is NOT a leap year. The year 1904 is a leap year, but the target date is January 15, meaning its February 29th has not yet occurred.
3
Calculate the total number of odd days.
10 (base years) + 1 (extra day for crossing February 29, 1896) = 11 odd days.
We add one extra day for each leap year February actually experienced in the given time window.
4
Determine the remainder when dividing the total odd days by 7.
11 divided by 7 leaves a remainder of 4.
The days of the week repeat in a standard 7-day cycle, so we use modulo 7 arithmetic.
5
Add the remainder to the starting day of the week.
Monday + 4 days = Friday.
Counting forward four days from Monday gives Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and finally Friday.

Key Concept

Calculating odd days across a century boundary and evaluating leap year inclusion based on the month.

Alternative Method

You can count the shift year by year: 1894 to 1895 (+1), '95 to '96 (+1), '96 to '97 (+2, crosses Feb '96), '97 to '98 (+1), '98 to '99 (+1), '99 to 1900 (+1), 1900 to '01 (+1), '01 to '02 (+1), '02 to '03 (+1), '03 to 1904 (+1, stops in Jan). The total is 11, giving a net shift of 4 days.
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 8Question

At a charity dinner, a woman named Sarah points to a man across the room and tells her friend, 'His wife's father-in-law is the husband of my husband's mother.' If it is known that Sarah's husband is his parents' only son, what is the exact relationship of the man to Sarah?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Husband; husband; Spouse; spouse; Her husband

Answer

Husband
Breaking down Sarah's statement: 'the husband of my husband's mother' refers to Sarah's father-in-law (the father of her husband). Therefore, 'His wife's father-in-law' must also be Sarah's father-in-law. For the man's wife to have the same father-in-law as Sarah, the man's father must be Sarah's father-in-law. This means the man is either Sarah's husband's brother, or he is Sarah's husband himself. Since we are given that Sarah's husband is his parents' only son, he cannot have any brothers. Thus, the man Sarah is pointing to must be her own husband.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the person described in the second half of Sarah's statement: 'the husband of my husband's mother'.
Sarah's husband's mother is her mother-in-law. The husband of her mother-in-law is Sarah's father-in-law (her husband's father).
Breaking down the relational chain from Sarah's perspective establishes the target identity.
2
Identify the person described in the first half of the statement: 'His wife's father-in-law'.
For any married man, his wife's father-in-law is his own father.
The father-in-law of a wife is by definition the father of her husband.
3
Equate the two identities found in steps 1 and 2.
The man's father is the exact same person as Sarah's husband's father.
The statement uses the word 'is' to connect both descriptions, meaning they refer to the same individual.
4
Determine the relationship based on the constraint that Sarah's husband is his parents' only son.
Since the man and Sarah's husband share the same father, they must be brothers, or they must be the same person. Because Sarah's husband is an only son, there are no brothers. Therefore, the man must be Sarah's husband himself.
Applying the final logical constraint eliminates all other possibilities.

Key Concept

Blood Relations
Question 9Question

In a certain coding system, vowels are replaced by their reverse alphabetical position letters (AZA \leftrightarrow Z, EVE \leftrightarrow V, IRI \leftrightarrow R, OLO \leftrightarrow L, UFU \leftrightarrow F). Consonants appearing at odd-numbered position indices (1st, 3rd, 5th, etc.) are shifted forward by 33 positions in the alphabet (+3+3), while consonants appearing at even-numbered position indices (2nd, 4th, 6th, etc.) are shifted backward by 22 positions (2-2).

For example, under this system, the word BASKET is coded as EZVIVR.

What is the coded representation for the word HARVEST?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: KZUTVQW; kzutvqw

Answer

KZUTVQW
Transforming each letter of HARVEST according to its position and type yields: Position 1 (H, odd-index consonant) \rightarrow H +3=K+ 3 = \mathbf{K}; Position 2 (A, vowel) \rightarrow reverse of A =Z= \mathbf{Z}; Position 3 (R, odd-index consonant) \rightarrow R +3=U+ 3 = \mathbf{U}; Position 4 (V, even-index consonant) \rightarrow V 2=T- 2 = \mathbf{T}; Position 5 (E, vowel) \rightarrow reverse of E =V= \mathbf{V}; Position 6 (S, even-index consonant) \rightarrow S 2=Q- 2 = \mathbf{Q}; Position 7 (T, odd-index consonant) \rightarrow T +3=W+ 3 = \mathbf{W}. Concatenating these transformed letters produces KZUTVQW.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the position index (1 to 7), letter type (vowel or consonant), and index parity (odd or even) for each letter in HARVEST.
H (1st, odd consonant), A (2nd, vowel), R (3rd, odd consonant), V (4th, even consonant), E (5th, vowel), S (6th, even consonant), T (7th, odd consonant).
Establishing individual letter rules based on position and character type is required before transformation.
2
Apply +3+3 shift to odd-positioned consonants (H, R, T).
H (8) + 3 = 11 (K); R (18) + 3 = 21 (U); T (20) + 3 = 23 (W).
Consonants at positions 1, 3, and 7 move forward by 3 letters in the alphabet.
3
Apply reverse alphabetical indexing to vowels (A, E).
A (1st letter) becomes Z (26th letter); E (5th letter) becomes V (22nd letter).
Vowels map to their opposite position pairs (27position27 - \text{position}).$
4
Apply 2-2 shift to even-positioned consonants (V, S).
V (22) - 2 = 20 (T); S (19) - 2 = 17 (Q).
Consonants at positions 4 and 6 move backward by 2 letters in the alphabet.
5
Combine the transformed letters sequentially from positions 1 through 7.
K + Z + U + T + V + Q + W = KZUTVQW.
Assembling the converted characters in original sequence yields the final coded string.

Key Concept

Positional Parity Shift and Vowel Reverse Alphabetical Encoding
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 10Question

In a standardized coding system:
1. Each consonant in a word is replaced by the letter that is NN positions ahead of it in the English alphabetical order, where NN is the total count of vowels present in that specific word.
2. Each vowel is replaced by its reverse alphabetical counterpart (where AZA \leftrightarrow Z, BYB \leftrightarrow Y, etc.), and then shifted backward by 33 positions in the English alphabet.
3. Finally, the sequence of letters obtained is written in reverse order.

If the word PRACTICE is coded as SFOFWUS using this rule, what is the code for the word DIPLOMAT?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: WWPIOSOG; W W P I O S O G; wwpiosog

Answer

WWPIOSOG
The correct answer is obtained by first identifying that DIPLOMAT contains 3 vowels (I, O, A), making N=3N = 3. Each consonant is shifted forward by 3 positions (D \rightarrow G, P \rightarrow S, L \rightarrow O, M \rightarrow P, T \rightarrow W). Each vowel is mapped to its reverse letter and then shifted back 3 places (I \rightarrow R \rightarrow O, O \rightarrow L \rightarrow I, A \rightarrow Z \rightarrow W). Combining these gives GOSOI PWW, which when reversed yields WWPIOSOG.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Count the number of vowels in the target word DIPLOMAT to determine the consonant shift parameter NN.
The vowels in DIPLOMAT are I, O, and A. The total number of vowels is N=3N = 3.
Rule 1 requires shifting consonants forward by the number of vowels in the word.
2
Apply Rule 1 to all consonants in DIPLOMAT by shifting each forward by 33 positions.
D \rightarrow G, P \rightarrow S, L \rightarrow O, M \rightarrow P, T \rightarrow W.
Consonants shift forward by N=3N=3 positions in alphabetical order.
3
Apply Rule 2 to all vowels in DIPLOMAT by finding their reverse alphabetical counterpart and shifting backward by 33 positions.
I (opposite R) \rightarrow R - 3 = O; O (opposite L) \rightarrow L - 3 = I; A (opposite Z) \rightarrow Z - 3 = W.
Vowels undergo reverse alphabetical substitution followed by a 3-position backward shift.
4
Assemble the transformed letters in original sequential order and reverse the entire string.
Forward order: G O S O I P W W. Reversed string: W W P I O S O G.
Rule 3 dictates reversing the entire transformed character sequence.

Key Concept

Multi-rule Alphanumeric Transformation and Positional Reversal
Estimated Time:2m 30s
Question 11Question

In a certain code, if the word BLOCK is written as CMPDL, what is the code for the word TRAIN?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: USBJO; usbjo

Answer

USBJO
Each letter in the word is shifted forward by 1 position in the English alphabet (+1 rule). Applying this pattern to TRAIN yields USBJO.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the rule used to transform BLOCK into CMPDL.
Each letter in BLOCK is replaced by its immediate next letter in the alphabetical order (+1 position shift): B → C, L → M, O → P, C → D, K → L.
Determining the pattern is necessary to encode new words.
2
Apply the same +1 shift rule to each letter of TRAIN.
T → U, R → S, A → B, I → J, N → O.
Applying the identified pattern consistently yields the correct encoded string.

Key Concept

Forward Letter Shifting (+1 Pattern)
Question 12Question

Pointing to a photograph of a man, Neha said, "He is the only son of my mother's husband." How is the man in the photograph related to Neha?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Brother; brother

Answer

The man in the photograph is Neha's brother.
Neha's mother's husband refers to Neha's father. The only son of Neha's father is her brother. Thus, the man in the photograph is Neha's brother.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the expression 'my mother's husband'.
Neha's mother's husband is her father.
In standard blood relation terminology, a mother's husband is the father.
2
Analyze the expression 'the only son of my father'.
The only son of Neha's father is her brother.
A male child of the same father is a brother.

Key Concept

Blood Relations - Pointing Narrative
Estimated Time:45s
Question 13Question

Rohit introduces Priya at a social event, stating, 'She is the mother of my father's only son.' Assuming Rohit is a male and has no brothers or sisters, what is Priya's relationship to Rohit?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Mother; mother

Answer

Priya is Rohit's mother.
The phrase 'my father's only son' uniquely identifies Rohit himself because Rohit is a male without siblings. Replacing this phrase into the original statement yields 'She is the mother of Rohit', establishing Priya as Rohit's mother.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the phrase 'my father's only son'.
Since Rohit is male and has no siblings, his father's only son must be Rohit himself.
An only son of a father with no other children refers directly to the speaker.
2
Substitute this result back into the full statement.
'Priya is the mother of Rohit.'
Replacing 'my father's only son' with 'Rohit' simplifies the relation.
3
Determine the final kinship relation of Priya to Rohit.
Priya is the mother of Rohit.
Direct relationship derived from the decoded statement.

Key Concept

Kinship Deduction via Self-Reference
Question 14Question

In a family, AA is the father-in-law of BB, who is the mother of CC. DD is the brother of CC and the son of EE. If AA has only one child, how is EE related to AA?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Son; son

Answer

Son
Because BB is the mother of CC and DD, and EE is the father of DD, BB and EE are married as wife and husband. AA is the father-in-law of BB, which means AA is the father of BB's husband, EE. Therefore, EE is the son of AA.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the parental relationship of CC and DD
BB is the mother of CC. Since DD is the brother of CC, BB is also the mother of DD. DD is given as the son of EE, so EE must be the father of DD, making EE the husband of BB.
Since BB is female (mother) and DD is their child, EE must be male (father).
2
Determine the relationship between AA and EE
AA is the father-in-law of BB. The father-in-law of a woman is her husband's father. Since EE is BB's husband, AA is EE's father.
Father-in-law defines the parent of one's spouse.
3
Establish EE's relation to AA
Since AA is the father of EE, EE is the son of AA.
Direct lineage relationship from parent to child.

Key Concept

Blood Relations and Kinship Deduction
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 15Question

In a family of six members—A,B,C,D,E,A, B, C, D, E, and FF—spanning three generations, there are two married couples. AA is the mother-in-law of CC, who is married to DD. FF is the paternal uncle of EE, who is the daughter of CC. BB is the father of FF. Based on these relationships, how is EE related to BB?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Granddaughter; Grand-daughter; Grand daughter

Answer

Granddaughter
The relationship is established step-by-step: CC and DD are married, making DD the father of EE. Since FF is EE's paternal uncle, FF is DD's brother. BB is the father of FF, so BB is also the father of DD. As EE is the daughter of DD, EE is the granddaughter of BB.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the direct parentage of EE.
CC is the mother of EE, and since CC is married to DD, DD is the father of EE.
The stem specifies that EE is the daughter of CC, and CC is married to DD.
2
Establish the relationship between FF and DD.
FF is the brother of DD.
FF is defined as the paternal uncle of EE, which means FF is the brother of EE's father (DD).
3
Identify the parent of DD.
BB is the father of DD.
Since BB is the father of FF, and FF and DD are brothers, BB must also be the father of DD.
4
Deduce the relation between EE and BB.
EE is the granddaughter of BB.
EE is the female child (daughter) of DD, and BB is the father of DD. Thus, EE is the son's daughter (granddaughter) of BB.

Key Concept

Multi-generational blood relation deduction through extended family nodes
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 16Question

Read the following family relationship details carefully:
In a family of eight members—H,I,J,K,L,M,N,H, I, J, K, L, M, N, and OO—spanning three generations:
KK is the husband of NN.
NN has only two children, both of whom are daughters.
LL is one of the daughters of NN, and LL is married to JJ, who has no siblings.
HH is the brother-in-law of JJ.
MM is the daughter of II and the sister of OO.
NN is the maternal grandmother of OO.

Based on the given information, how is II related to OO?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Mother; mother

Answer

Mother
From the clues, NN has only two children and both are female (LL and II). LL is married to JJ. HH is the brother-in-law of JJ, meaning HH is married to LL's sister, II. Since MM is the daughter of II and sister to OO, II is the female parent (mother) of OO. This is further verified by NN being the maternal grandmother of OO.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the first generation and children of NN.
KK (male) and NN (female) form the top generation. NN has exactly two children, both daughters.
KK is the husband of NN, and NN has only two daughters.
2
Identify the two daughters and their spouses in the second generation.
LL is one daughter married to JJ. Since JJ has no siblings, JJ's brother-in-law HH must be married to LL's sister. Therefore, the second daughter of NN is II, and II is married to HH.
NN has only two daughters (LL and II). HH is married to II, making HH the co-brother-in-law of JJ.
3
Determine the relationship between II and OO.
MM and OO are siblings in the third generation. Since MM is the daughter of II, II is the female parent of both MM and OO.
II is a daughter of NN, making NN the maternal grandmother of OO, which confirms II is the mother of OO.

Key Concept

Deducing generational roles and familial positions in complex multi-generational family structures
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 17Question

Pointing to a photograph of a girl, a man says, "Her mother is the only daughter of my mother-in-law." How is the man related to the girl in the photograph?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Father; father

Answer

Father
The only daughter of the man's mother-in-law is his wife. Because the girl's mother is the man's wife, the man is her father.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the relation 'only daughter of my mother-in-law'.
The only daughter of a man's mother-in-law is the man's wife.
A person's mother-in-law is their spouse's mother; hence her only daughter must be his wife.
2
Link the girl in the photograph to the man's wife.
The girl's mother is the man's wife.
The statement states that the girl's mother is the only daughter of the mother-in-law.
3
Deduce the relationship between the man and the girl.
The man is the girl's father.
Since the girl is the daughter of the man's wife, the man is her father.

Key Concept

Blood Relations - Pointing Narrative
Estimated Time:45s
Question 18Question

In a family of seven members—P,Q,R,S,T,U,P, Q, R, S, T, U, and VV—spanning three generations, there are two married couples. PP is the brother-in-law of RR, who is the only daughter of UU. SS is the father of QQ and PP. TT is the maternal grandmother of VV, and QQ is married to RR. If VV is a male child of QQ and RR, how is VV related to UU?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Grandson; Maternal grandson; Grand-son; Maternal Grandson

Answer

Grandson (or Maternal grandson)
Since R is the daughter of U and the mother of V, U is the grandfather of V. Because V is male, V is the grandson (or maternal grandson) of U.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Determine the relation between R and Q, and identify their genders.
R is the daughter of U (female). Q is married to R, which means Q is male.
Marriage in standard family tree problems consists of one male and one female.
2
Identify the maternal lineage of V.
V is the child of Q (father) and R (mother), making R the mother of V.
Since T is the maternal grandmother of V, T is the mother of R, and U is the father of R.
3
Determine the relationship between V and U.
U is the maternal grandfather of V, making V the grandson (maternal grandson) of U.
V is the male child of U's daughter R.

Key Concept

Multi-generational family tree blood relations and maternal lineage deduction.
Question 19Question

In a specific coding system, the word PARDON is written as MRWUZS. Following the exact same logical transformation rule, what is the code for the word POSTURE?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: HIXGVLS; hixgvls

Answer

HIXGVLS
The code is determined by applying two transformation rules based on letter positions followed by a string reversal. Letters at odd positions (1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th) undergo a +3+3 forward alphabetical shift, while letters at even positions (2nd, 4th, 6th) are replaced by their reverse alphabetical partner (27alphabetical position27 - \text{alphabetical position}). For the word POSTURE, this yields the intermediate string SLVGXIH. Reversing this intermediate string produces the final code HIXGVLS.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the position-based transformation rules for each letter of the original word.
Letters at odd positions (1st, 3rd, 5th...) are shifted forward by +3+3 positions in the English alphabetical series. Letters at even positions (2nd, 4th, 6th...) are replaced by their reverse alphabetical partner (where position index sum equals 2727).
For PARDON: P (1st, odd) \rightarrow S; A (2nd, even) \rightarrow Z; R (3rd, odd) \rightarrow U; D (4th, even) \rightarrow W; O (5th, odd) \rightarrow R; N (6th, even) \rightarrow M. The intermediate string is SZUWRM.
2
Identify the final structural modification step.
The intermediate letter sequence is reversed from right to left.
Reversing SZUWRM character-by-character gives MRWUZS.
3
Apply the odd/even position rules to the target word POSTURE.
P (1st, odd) +3+3 \rightarrow S; O (2nd, even) 2715=1227-15=12 \rightarrow L; S (3rd, odd) +3+3 \rightarrow V; T (4th, even) 2720=727-20=7 \rightarrow G; U (5th, odd) +3+3 \rightarrow X; R (6th, even) 2718=927-18=9 \rightarrow I; E (7th, odd) +3+3 \rightarrow H. Intermediate string is SLVGXIH.
Odd indices shift by +3+3, and even indices transform to reverse alphabetical complements.
4
Reverse the intermediate sequence to obtain the final coded answer.
HIXGVLS
Reversing SLVGXIH gives HIXGVLS.

Key Concept

Position-dependent shift combined with reverse alphabetical indexing and string reversal
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 20Question

In a family, XX is the sister of YY. YY is married to ZZ, who is the only son of WW. VV is the mother-in-law of ZZ. How is VV related to XX?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Mother; mother

Answer

Mother
VV is the mother-in-law of ZZ, meaning VV is the mother of ZZ's wife, YY. Since XX is the sister of YY, VV is also the mother of XX.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the relationship between ZZ, YY, and VV
VV is the mother-in-law of ZZ. Since ZZ is married to YY, VV is the mother of YY.
A person's mother-in-law is the mother of their spouse.
2
Connect YY's mother to XX
XX is the sister of YY, which means XX and YY share the same mother.
Siblings share the same parents.
3
Deduce the relation of VV to XX
Since VV is the mother of YY and XX is YY's sister, VV is the mother of XX.
The mother of a person's sibling is that person's mother.

Key Concept

Kinship and In-Law Relationship Deduction
Page 1 / 2Next
All practice questions — State PSC Exam | Examkin