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Zorluk: OrtaAnalyzing Bolded Statement Roles

To curb local air pollution, urban planners have advocated that the city municipal authority mandate all commercial delivery fleets to adopt zero-emission vehicles by the end of the decade. Industry representatives oppose the plan, claiming that the substantial capital expenditure required will bankrupt smaller logistics firms and disrupt urban supply chains. However, this objection relies on an incomplete picture of the policy package. The municipal authority has pledged to finance the installation of free fleet-charging hubs and provide low-interest loans specifically tailored for small operators. Consequently, the implementation of the mandate will not trigger the widespread failure of small logistics businesses.

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

  1. The first is a proposed policy that the argument defends against a specific objection; the second is evidence offered to demonstrate that the objection is unwarranted.Cevap
  2. B
    The first is a claim that the argument seeks to refute; the second is the main conclusion derived by the author.
  3. C
    The first is a proposed policy that the author contends is impractical; the second is evidence supporting an alternative proposal.
  4. D
    The first is the main conclusion of the argument; the second is an intermediate conclusion offered to support that main conclusion.
  5. E
    The first is background context describing existing regulations; the second is an unstated assumption upon which the argument depends.

Cevap

The first bolded portion is a proposed policy that the argument defends against an objection, while the second bolded portion is evidence cited to show that the objection is unfounded.
The correct answer accurately characterizes both bolded statements. The first bolded statement presents the proposed mandate that forms the central subject of discussion; the author defends this mandate against an industry objection. The second bolded statement introduces explicit evidence regarding municipal funding and loans, demonstrating why the industry's financial objection is unfounded.

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1
Analyze the main conclusion and overall structure of the argument.
The author concludes that the proposed mandate will not cause small logistics businesses to fail, contradicting the objection raised by industry representatives.
Identifying the author's ultimate conclusion provides the framework for assessing the function of each sentence.
2
Determine the role of the first bolded statement.
The first bolded statement describes the proposed mandate to adopt zero-emission vehicles, which industry representatives oppose but the author defends.
Understanding whether the author agrees with or opposes the first statement clarifies its functional role.
3
Determine the role of the second bolded statement.
The second bolded statement presents factual evidence (financing charging hubs and providing low-interest loans) that directly undermines the opponents' claim of financial hardship.
Evaluating how the second statement interacts with the opponents' claim shows that it acts as counter-evidence supporting the author's main conclusion.

Anahtar Kavram

Analyzing Bolded Statement Roles in Critical Reasoning
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Analyzing Bolded Statement Roles

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