Tüm alıştırma soruları

Soru 3801Soru →

Match each population density zone with the primary physical, historical, or socio-economic factor that determines its settlement density.

Soldaki öğeye tıklayın, sonra eşleşen sağdaki öğeye tıklayın

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap

The correct matches pair Industrial-Urban Conurbations with commercial and industrial economic opportunities; Intensive Alluvial Farming Basins with fertile soils and irrigation capacity; Highland Refuge Belts with historical defensive needs and terrace farming; and Equatorial Rainforest Interior with leached soils and disease vectors.

Each zone is correctly matched with its primary controlling factor: industrial-urban corridors attract population via economic pull factors; alluvial basins support high density through fertile soils and water resources; highland refuge belts maintained high historical densities for defense and terrace agriculture; and equatorial rainforests exhibit low density due to leached soils, heavy canopy cover, and insect vectors.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Analyze the urban-industrial zone (Industrial-Urban Conurbations).

Identify that modern urban growth and high density stem from industrialization, commercial services, and job availability.

Socio-economic factors drive urban population concentration.

2

Examine rural agricultural high-density zones (Intensive Alluvial Farming Basins).

Connect fertile fadama soils and river water supply to high agricultural carrying capacity.

Physical water availability and soil fertility govern rural agricultural settlement.

3

Evaluate historical highland settlements (Highland Refuge Belts).

Associate mountain environments with defense against historical slave raids/conflict and hillside terrace cultivation.

Historical security factors can override physical constraints to create localized high densities.

4

Evaluate rainforest interior constraints (Equatorial Rainforest Interior).

Identify physical barriers like soil leaching, dense canopy, and tsetse fly infestation.

Harsh physical environments and vector-borne diseases restrict human population density.

Anahtar Kavram

Factors Influencing Population Distribution and Density

Soru 3802Soru →

During the dry season in Nigeria, pastoral Fulani cattle herders migrate southward toward the Middle Belt and major river valleys, but return northward with the onset of the rainy season. What is the primary environmental factor that restricts their permanent, year-round settlement in the humid southern forest and moist savanna zones?

The high infestation of tsetse flies which transmit animal trypanosomiasis in humid environments

The widespread cultivation of grain crops such as millet and sorghum across the southern rainforest belt

The complete absence of river valleys and natural surface water sources during the rainy season in the south

The persistence of severe drought and intense harmattan dust storms year-round along the southern coast

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: The high infestation of tsetse flies which transmit animal trypanosomiasis in humid environments

Cevap

The high infestation of tsetse flies which transmit animal trypanosomiasis in humid environments

Transhumance in Nigeria is largely dictated by climate seasonality and vector-borne diseases. During the rainy season, humidity and dense vegetation in the southern forest and humid savanna zones lead to a surge in tsetse fly populations. Tsetse flies transmit trypanosomiasis (nagana) to non-resistant cattle, forcing pastoralists to migrate back to the drier, tsetse-free northern savanna belts.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Examine the seasonal movement pattern (transhumance) of pastoralists in Nigeria

Herders move south during the dry season to seek green pasture and water, but retreat north during the wet season.

Pasture availability in the North dries up in the dry season, forcing southward movement.

2

Identify environmental and biological threats present in humid southern vegetation belts during rainy periods

Increased moisture and vegetation density in southern forests and moist savannas create ideal breeding conditions for tsetse flies (Glossina spp.).

Tsetse flies vector trypanosomiasis (nagana), which poses a lethal threat to humped Zebu cattle breeds, preventing permanent cattle keeping in the south.

Anahtar Kavram

Factors influencing pastoralism and transhumance patterns in Nigeria

Soru 3803Soru →

Arrange the following major Nigerian agricultural crop belts in order of their spatial distribution from South (lowest latitude) to North (highest latitude).

Öğeleri doğru sıraya koymak için sürükleyin

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap

The correct sequence from South to North is: Oil Palm and Rubber belt, Cocoa and Cassava belt, Beniseed (Sesame), Yam, and Maize belt, and Groundnut, Sorghum, and Millet belt.

Agricultural crop belts in Nigeria follow a distinct South-to-North latitudinal gradient driven by decreasing annual rainfall and humidity. The Oil Palm and Rubber belt lies in the wet coastal south, followed by the Cocoa belt in the rainforest region, the Beniseed and Yam belt in the central Guinea Savanna (Middle Belt), and finally the Groundnut, Sorghum, and Millet belt in the dry northern Sudan savanna.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Identify the extreme southern agricultural zone based on ecological requirements.

The Oil Palm and Rubber belt occupies the southernmost humid coastal forest zone.

Tree crops such as oil palm and rubber require heavy, year-round rainfall found along the Niger Delta and southern coast.

2

Identify the rainforest crop zone located just north of the coastal belt.

The Cocoa and Cassava belt dominates the rainforest zone of southwestern Nigeria.

Cocoa thrives in warm, humid forest environments with rich soils north of the coastal mangrove swamps.

3

Identify the central savanna crop region (Middle Belt).

The Beniseed (Sesame), Yam, and Maize belt covers the broad Guinea Savanna zone.

This region has moderate rainfall and a marked dry season, favoring tuber crops like yams alongside cereal grains like maize.

4

Identify the northernmost semi-arid crop zone.

The Groundnut, Sorghum, and Millet belt forms the northernmost agricultural zone.

Drought-tolerant grains and oilseeds adapt well to the low rainfall and long dry season of the Sudan savanna.

Anahtar Kavram

Latitudinal agricultural zoning in Nigeria dictated by rainfall decreasing from South to North.

Tahmini Süre:1m 30s

Soru 3804Soru →

A radio station in Town A ( $10^\circ\text{E}$ ) broadcasts a live news program at 1:45 p.m. local standard time. A researcher at Station B hears the broadcast live when the local standard time at Station B is 8:05 a.m. on the same day. What is the longitudinal position of Station B?

75^\circ\text{W}

95^\circ\text{E}

85^\circ\text{W}

65^\circ\text{W}

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: $75^\circ\text{W}$

Cevap

Station B is located at

75^\circ\text{W}

.

Station B experiences a local time that is 5 hours and 40 minutes behind Town A. Because Earth rotates

15^\circ

per hour (

1^\circ

every 4 minutes), this time lag equals an angular distance of

85^\circ

to the west. Moving

85^\circ

west from

10^\circ\text{E}

crosses the Prime Meridian (

0^\circ

) after

10^\circ

, placing Station B at

75^\circ\text{W}

.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Calculate the time difference between Town A and Station B.

1:45 p.m. (13:45) minus 8:05 a.m. (08:05) = 5 hours and 40 minutes.

Determining the absolute local time difference between the two locations establishes the angular separation.

2

Convert the total time difference into degrees of longitude.

5 hours =

5 \times 15^\circ = 75^\circ

; 40 minutes =

40 / 4 = 10^\circ

. Total angular distance =

75^\circ + 10^\circ = 85^\circ

.

Earth rotates

15^\circ

per hour, which equals

1^\circ

every 4 minutes.

3

Determine direction and final meridian.

Since Station B's time is earlier (8:05 a.m. vs 1:45 p.m.), it lies west of Town A (

10^\circ\text{E}

).

85^\circ\text{ West of } 10^\circ\text{E} = 85^\circ - 10^\circ = 75^\circ\text{W}

.

Traveling west moves backward in local time relative to eastern longitudes.

Anahtar Kavram

Longitude and Time Difference Calculations

Soru 3805Soru →

A radio broadcast originates live from City A, located at longitude $10^\circ\text{W}$ , at 09:00 AM local time. What is the local time (expressed as an integer in 24-hour clock format, e.g., 14 for 14:00) at City B, located at longitude $65^\circ\text{E}$ , when the transmission begins?

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: 14

Cevap

14

City A (

10^\circ\text{W}

) and City B (

65^\circ\text{E}

) have a total angular separation of

75^\circ

. At the rate of

15^\circ

per hour, this equals a 5-hour time difference. Because City B is located to the east of City A, its local time is ahead, so 5 hours added to 09:00 AM gives 14:00 (14).

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Calculate the angular separation between the two longitudes

75^\circ

Since the points lie in different hemispheres (West and East), their longitudinal values must be added together (

10^\circ + 65^\circ = 75^\circ

).

2

Convert angular distance to time difference

5 hours

The Earth rotates

360^\circ

in 24 hours, which equals

15^\circ

per hour (

75^\circ \div 15^\circ = 5\text{ hours}

).

3

Adjust time for directional displacement

14

Travelling eastwards means gaining time because eastern locations experience solar movement earlier. Adding 5 hours to 09:00 AM yields 14:00.

Anahtar Kavram

Calculating local time difference across prime meridian boundaries

Soru 3806Soru →

Which of the following migration mechanisms is primarily responsible for increasing urban population density when severe environmental degradation and lack of economic opportunities compel rural residents to leave their homeland?

Push factors operating in rural origin areas

Pull factors operating in rural origin areas

Nucleated settlement formation along rural transport corridors

Inversion of the demographic dependency ratio in rural areas

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: Push factors operating in rural origin areas

Cevap

Push factors operating in rural origin areas

Push factors represent adverse physical or socio-economic conditions at the place of origin—such as agricultural failure, environmental degradation, or lack of jobs—that force people to relocate, leading to high population density in receiving urban centers.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Analyze the scenario described in the stem

Identified that negative rural conditions (environmental degradation, lack of economic opportunities) drive people away from rural regions.

Determining whether the driver originates from negative conditions at the origin or positive features at the destination distinguishes push from pull migration factors.

2

Evaluate demographic migration definitions related to population distribution

Negative origin attributes are classified as push factors, which force outflow and subsequently increase population density in receiving urban areas.

Push factors drive population redistribution from rural hinterlands to cities.

Anahtar Kavram

Push and Pull Factors Influencing Population Redistribution

Soru 3807Soru →

Continuous selective out-migration of young adults from rural farming communities to major urban industrial hubs primarily affects the demographic structure of the sending region. Which of the following consequences is directly observed in the rural area of origin?

An increase in the overall dependency ratio due to a higher proportion of elderly and children remaining

A reduction in the economic dependency ratio resulting from a contraction in the non-working population

An influx of urban industrial amenities acting as a primary pull factor for elderly agricultural workers

The rapid conversion of dispersed rural homesteads into dense nucleated urban settlements

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: An increase in the overall dependency ratio due to a higher proportion of elderly and children remaining

Cevap

An increase in the overall dependency ratio due to a higher proportion of elderly and children remaining

Rural-to-urban migration is highly age-selective, primarily pulling young, economically active individuals away from rural communities. As a consequence, the rural origin experiences an increase in its dependency ratio because the remaining population consists disproportionately of dependents—specifically young children and the elderly—supported by fewer local working-age individuals.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Identify the migrating demographic cohort

Rural-to-urban migration is age-selective, predominantly involving young adults in the economically active working age bracket (typically 15–45 years).

Young adults move in search of tertiary education, employment, and better socio-economic opportunities.

2

Analyze the impact on the demographic composition of the rural origin

The departure of working-age individuals leaves a higher concentration of dependents (children under 15 and elderly individuals over 65) in the rural area.

The dependency ratio formula is

\text{Dependency Ratio} = \frac{\text{Population } < 15 + \text{Population } > 65}{\text{Working Age Population (15--64)}} \times 100

. Shrinking the denominator increases the overall ratio.

Anahtar Kavram

Demographic impacts of age-selective migration on source communities

Soru 3808Soru →

Two meteorological observatories, Station Alpha located at longitude $25^\circ\text{E}$ and Station Beta located in the Western Hemisphere, measure solar illumination simultaneously. When the local solar time at Station Alpha is 4:30 PM, the local solar time at Station Beta is 11:30 AM on the same day. What is the numerical value of the longitude of Station Beta in degrees West?

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: 50

Cevap

The longitude of Station Beta is

50^\circ\text{W}

.

Station Alpha is at longitude

25^\circ\text{E}

with local solar time 4:30 PM (16:30). Station Beta records a local solar time of 11:30 AM (11:30) on the same day. The time difference is

16:30 - 11:30 = 5\text{ hours}

. Since Earth rotates

15^\circ

per hour, a 5-hour time difference corresponds to an angular distance of

5 \times 15^\circ = 75^\circ

. Because Station Beta's local time is earlier than Station Alpha's local time, Station Beta is located to the west of Station Alpha. Subtracting

25^\circ

to reach the Prime Meridian (

0^\circ

) leaves

50^\circ

west, placing Station Beta at

50^\circ\text{W}

.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Determine the time difference between the two stations.

Time difference = 16:30 (4:30 PM) - 11:30 (11:30 AM) = 5 hours.

Calculating time separation is the first step in finding angular longitudinal separation.

2

Convert the time difference to angular longitudinal distance using Earth's rotation rate (

15^\circ

per hour).

Angular distance =

5\text{ hours} \times 15^\circ/\text{hour} = 75^\circ

.

The Earth rotates

360^\circ

in 24 hours, which equals

15^\circ

per hour.

3

Determine the relative direction of Station Beta from Station Alpha.

Station Beta is west of Station Alpha.

Places located further west have earlier local times than places further east.

4

Compute the longitude of Station Beta relative to the Prime Meridian (

0^\circ

).

Longitude =

75^\circ - 25^\circ\text{E} = 50^\circ\text{W}

.

Moving

25^\circ

west from

25^\circ\text{E}

reaches

0^\circ

, and the remaining

50^\circ

extends west into the Western Hemisphere.

Anahtar Kavram

Calculating longitudinal position from local solar time difference across the Prime Meridian

Soru 3809Soru →

An international news broadcast takes place at $8:00\text{ PM}$ local time in Town X, located at longitude $30^\circ\text{E}$ . What is the local time in Town Y, located at longitude $45^\circ\text{W}$ ?

3:00 PM

1:00 AM the next day

7:00 PM

9:00 PM

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: 3:00 PM

Cevap

3:00 PM

Because Town X (

30^\circ\text{E}

) and Town Y (

45^\circ\text{W}

) are in opposite hemispheres, their angular separation is

30^\circ + 45^\circ = 75^\circ

. Dividing by

15^\circ

per hour yields a time difference of

5\text{ hours}

. Since Town Y is west of Town X, subtracting 5 hours from

8:00\text{ PM}

correctly gives

3:00\text{ PM}

.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Calculate the total angular distance between the two longitudes

Since Town X (

30^\circ\text{E}

) and Town Y (

45^\circ\text{W}

) are in different hemispheres (East and West), add their longitudes:

30^\circ + 45^\circ = 75^\circ

.

Locations in opposite hemispheres require adding longitudes to determine total angular separation.

2

Convert the angular distance into a time difference

75^\circ \div 15^\circ/\text{hour} = 5\text{ hours}

.

The Earth rotates

360^\circ

in 24 hours, which rate equals

15^\circ

per hour.

3

Determine the directional adjustment and calculate the target local time

Town Y (

45^\circ\text{W}

) is west of Town X (

30^\circ\text{E}

), so subtract

5\text{ hours}

from

8:00\text{ PM}

(

20:00

):

20:00 - 5\text{ hours} = 15:00

, which is

3:00\text{ PM}

.

Time is behind (earlier) as one travels westward.

Anahtar Kavram

Calculating Time Differences Across Hemispheres

Tahmini Süre:1m 30s

Soru 3810Soru →

Match each population migration pattern or stream listed on the left with its primary socio-economic or environmental driver on the right.

Soldaki öğeye tıklayın, sonra eşleşen sağdaki öğeye tıklayın

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap

Rural-urban drift matches with urban-rural wage gap and social amenities; Eco-refugee movement matches with severe desertification and land degradation; International brain drain matches with search for higher professional remuneration and research facilities; Seasonal pastoral transhumance matches with cyclical search for water and pasture for livestock.

Each migration stream is correctly paired with its defining primary driver: rural-urban drift is driven by urban employment and amenity advantages, eco-refugee movements by Sahelian land degradation, brain drain by professional economic incentives abroad, and transhumance by seasonal livestock grazing needs.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Analyze rural-urban drift in West Africa

Identify that young migrants relocate to urban areas mainly due to wage disparities and better public utilities.

Economic attraction and wage differentials are the major pull factors for internal economic migration.

2

Examine eco-refugee movement in the Sahel

Associate environmental forced migration with climatic threats like drought and desertification.

Livelihood collapse due to land degradation acts as a compelling physical push factor.

3

Evaluate international brain drain

Connect skilled labor migration to wage disparities and advanced professional facilities abroad.

High-level manpower moves to countries offering better career compensation and research environments.

4

Assess seasonal pastoral transhumance

Pair periodic livestock movement with seasonal changes in grazing pasture and water.

Pastoralists follow wet and dry season resource cycles to sustain their herds.

Anahtar Kavram

Push and pull factors governing population migration, distinguishing between economic, environmental, professional, and seasonal mobility patterns.

Tahmini Süre:1m 30s

Soru 3811Soru →

A semi-urban local government area in Nigeria recorded a total mid-year population of $500,000$ in a specific census year. During this period, the area recorded $18,500$ in-migrants and $8,500$ out-migrants. What is the net migration rate per $1,000$ population for this area?

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: 20

Cevap

The net migration rate for the area is

20

per

1,000

population.

The net migration rate is calculated using the demographic formula

\text{Net Migration Rate} = \frac{\text{In-migrants} - \text{Out-migrants}}{\text{Total Population}} \times 1,000

. Substituting the given values gives

\frac{18,500 - 8,500}{500,000} \times 1,000 = \frac{10,000}{500,000} \times 1,000 = 20

per

1,000

population.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Find the net migration volume

Net Migration Volume =

10,000

people

Net migration represents the net gain or loss of population through movement into and out of an area, calculated as in-migrants minus out-migrants (

18,500 - 8,500

).

2

Calculate the Net Migration Rate (NMR) per

1,000

inhabitants

NMR =

20

per

1,000

population

The rate standardizes population growth from migration per thousand people using the formula

\text{NMR} = \left(\frac{I - E}{P}\right) \times 1,000

, where

I = 18,500

,

E = 8,500

, and

P = 500,000

.

Anahtar Kavram

Net Migration Rate Calculation

Soru 3812Soru →

A satellite communication signal is transmitted from a ground station located at longitude $40^\circ\text{E}$ at 04:30 PM local time. If the signal is received instantaneously at a tracking station located at longitude $20^\circ\text{W}$ , what is the local solar time at the tracking station at that exact moment?

12:30 PM

08:30 PM

03:10 PM

05:50 PM

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: 12:30 PM

Cevap

12:30 PM

To find the local time at

20^\circ\text{W}

, add the longitudes because they are in opposite hemispheres (

40^\circ\text{E} + 20^\circ\text{W} = 60^\circ

). Convert the angular distance to time (

60^\circ \div 15^\circ = 4\text{ hours}

). Because the receiving station is located to the west of the transmitting station, subtract 4 hours from 04:30 PM, obtaining 12:30 PM.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Calculate total longitudinal distance between the two locations.

Longitudinal difference =

40^\circ\text{E} + 20^\circ\text{W} = 60^\circ

.

Locations in opposite hemispheres (East and West) require adding their longitudinal values to find total angular distance.

2

Convert the longitudinal difference into a time difference.

Time difference =

\frac{60^\circ}{15^\circ/\text{hour}} = 4\text{ hours}

.

The Earth rotates

360^\circ

in 24 hours, which corresponds to

15^\circ

per hour.

3

Determine whether to add or subtract time based on direction.

Local time at

20^\circ\text{W} = 04:30\text{ PM} - 4\text{ hours} = 12:30\text{ PM}

.

Locations to the west are behind in local solar time compared to locations to the east.

Anahtar Kavram

Calculation of local solar time differences across meridians in opposite hemispheres

Tahmini Süre:1m 30s

Soru 3813Soru →

Match each Nigerian industrial zone listed on the left with its primary manufacturing output and economic specialization on the right.

Soldaki öğeye tıklayın, sonra eşleşen sağdaki öğeye tıklayın

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap

Ikeja (Lagos Zone) matches vehicle assembly and consumer goods; Port Harcourt Zone matches petroleum refining and petrochemicals; Nnewi Zone matches automotive spare parts fabrication; Kaduna-Kano Zone matches textile manufacturing and agro-allied processing.

Ikeja (Lagos) is a market-oriented cluster specializing in vehicle assembly, consumer electronics, and light manufacturing due to port facilities and dense population. Port Harcourt is a resource-based petro-industrial hub near Niger Delta oil deposits. Nnewi represents a unique indigenous cluster focused on automotive spare parts and engineering. The Kaduna-Kano belt forms an agro-allied industrial zone relying on northern agricultural outputs like cotton, hides, and oilseeds.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Analyze the primary location factor and resource foundation of each Nigerian industrial cluster.

Ikeja is driven by port proximity and dense market demand; Port Harcourt is raw-material driven by oil/gas fields; Nnewi is driven by local technical entrepreneurship; Kaduna-Kano is driven by savanna agricultural raw materials.

Industrial location in Nigeria strictly aligns with either raw-material proximity, market demand, port infrastructure, or local entrepreneurial specialization.

2

Pair each hub with its corresponding industrial output based on geographic localization.

Ikeja pairs with vehicle assembly and consumer electronics; Port Harcourt pairs with petrochemicals; Nnewi pairs with automotive spare parts; Kaduna-Kano pairs with textiles and agro-processing.

Accurate pairing demonstrates mastery of regional manufacturing specialization across Nigeria.

Anahtar Kavram

Spatial localization factors and regional specialization of manufacturing industries in Nigeria

Tahmini Süre:1m 30s

Soru 3814Soru →

In the industrial geography of Nigeria, why are soft drink bottling plants and breweries widely distributed across major urban centers such as Lagos, Ibadan, and Kano, rather than being strictly concentrated near rural agricultural raw material sources?

Soft drink bottling is a market-oriented, weight-gaining industry where localized water addition makes the finished product heavier and costlier to transport than the raw syrup.

Bottling plants represent weight-losing manufacturing operations that must locate near urban centers to minimize the transport weight of agricultural inputs.

The primary raw materials for brewing are specialized minerals mined exclusively in the northern savanna belts of Nigeria.

Nigerian industrial regulations mandate that all beverage factories locate in designated export processing zones near maritime ports.

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: Soft drink bottling is a market-oriented, weight-gaining industry where localized water addition makes the finished product heavier and costlier to transport than the raw syrup.

Cevap

Soft drink bottling is a market-oriented, weight-gaining industry where localized water addition makes the finished product heavier and costlier to transport than the raw syrup.

Soft drink manufacturing and beer brewing are classic market-oriented, weight-gaining industries. Because water—a bulk weight-adding component—is universally available across cities, placing bottling facilities near dense urban consumer populations drastically minimizes overall freight costs for heavy, fragile finished liquids.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Analyze the nature of the manufacturing process (weight-gaining vs. weight-losing).

Soft drink manufacturing combines light concentrated syrup with large volumes of locally sourced water.

Adding bulk water during assembly increases the final product weight compared to input materials.

2

Apply Alfred Weber's least-cost location principles to transport economics.

Transporting heavy, fragile, filled bottles long distances is more expensive than transporting concentrated raw inputs.

Weight-gaining industries minimize total freight costs by locating as close as possible to the end-consumer market.

Anahtar Kavram

Market-oriented versus raw-material-oriented industrial location factors in Nigeria

Soru 3815Soru →

If $A = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 3 \\ 1 & 4 \end{pmatrix}$ and $B = \begin{pmatrix} 5 & 1 \\ 0 & -2 \end{pmatrix}$ , what is the product matrix $AB$ ?

\begin{pmatrix} 10 & -4 \\ 5 & -7 \end{pmatrix}

\begin{pmatrix} 10 & 3 \\ 0 & -8 \end{pmatrix}

\begin{pmatrix} 11 & 19 \\ -2 & -8 \end{pmatrix}

\begin{pmatrix} 10 & 8 \\ 5 & -7 \end{pmatrix}

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: $\begin{pmatrix} 10 & -4 \\ 5 & -7 \end{pmatrix}$

Cevap

The matrix product

AB

is

\begin{pmatrix} 10 & -4 \\ 5 & -7 \end{pmatrix}

.

Matrix multiplication is evaluated using the row-by-column rule. Evaluating each entry: top-left is

2(5)+3(0)=10

, top-right is

2(1)+3(-2)=-4

, bottom-left is

1(5)+4(0)=5

, and bottom-right is

1(1)+4(-2)=-7

. Thus, the product matrix is

\begin{pmatrix} 10 & -4 \\ 5 & -7 \end{pmatrix}

.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Calculate the top-left element (Row 1 of A

\cdot

Column 1 of B)

2(5) + 3(0) = 10 + 0 = 10

Matrix multiplication takes the dot product of the corresponding row of the first matrix and column of the second matrix.

2

Calculate the top-right element (Row 1 of A

\cdot

Column 2 of B)

2(1) + 3(-2) = 2 - 6 = -4

Combine products of elements in row 1 of A and column 2 of B.

3

Calculate the bottom-left element (Row 2 of A

\cdot

Column 1 of B)

1(5) + 4(0) = 5 + 0 = 5

Combine products of elements in row 2 of A and column 1 of B.

4

Calculate the bottom-right element (Row 2 of A

\cdot

Column 2 of B)

1(1) + 4(-2) = 1 - 8 = -7

Combine products of elements in row 2 of A and column 2 of B.

Anahtar Kavram

Matrix Multiplication (Row-by-Column Rule)

Soru 3816Soru →

Despite possessing favorable environmental conditions such as extensive fertile land and moderate rainfall, large portions of the Middle Belt of Nigeria (such as parts of Niger and Benue states) exhibit relatively low population densities compared to the Kano Close-Settled Zone or the South-Eastern states. Which historical and environmental factor combination best explains this sparse population distribution?

Historical slave raiding during the pre-colonial era combined with the widespread prevalence of the tsetse fly in river valleys

Rapid southward expansion of the Sahel desert pushing populations into coastal urban centers

Dominance of linear settlement patterns along transport corridors preventing rural farm formation

An inverted demographic dependency ratio which forces working-age populations to remain in high-density northern cities

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: Historical slave raiding during the pre-colonial era combined with the widespread prevalence of the tsetse fly in river valleys

Cevap

Historical slave raiding during the pre-colonial era combined with the widespread prevalence of the tsetse fly in river valleys

The relatively low population density in parts of Nigeria's Middle Belt (Middle Niger and Benue valleys) is historically rooted in pre-colonial slave raiding which depopulated large areas between major kingdoms. Additionally, physical factors such as the historical presence of the tsetse fly (causing sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in cattle) discouraged dense rural settlement.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Analyze the regional demographic pattern described in the question stem

Identified the Middle Belt of Nigeria as a low-to-medium density population zone located between two dense belts (North-West Kano zone and South-East/South-West zones).

Understanding spatial population distribution in Nigeria requires evaluating physical and historical influences on specific ecological zones.

2

Evaluate historical and physical factors affecting Middle Belt settlement density

Pre-colonial slave raiding created buffer zones ('shatter belts') devoid of dense populations, while vector-borne diseases like trypanosomiasis (transmitted by tsetse flies) historically deterred livestock breeding and dense rural settlement.

These combined historical and physical factors limited population growth despite good agricultural potential.

3

Select the option that correctly synthesizes these specific factors

The statement highlighting historical slave raiding and tsetse fly prevalence correctly accounts for the low density of the region.

Other options misattribute Sahelian desertification, settlement morphology, or inverted economic formulas to this specific geographic phenomenon.

Anahtar Kavram

Factors Influencing Population Density and Distribution in Nigeria

Soru 3817Soru →

Match each Nigerian transport route or port node with its primary operational characteristic or economic role.

Soldaki öğeye tıklayın, sonra eşleşen sağdaki öğeye tıklayın

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap

Each Nigerian transport feature correctly pairs with its distinct operational characteristic: River Benue faces severe seasonal flow constraints; Lagos Seaport Complex handles the bulk of containerized imports; the Eastern Railway corridor historically linked Enugu coal and northern agricultural hinterlands to the coast; and Baro Inland Port serves as an intermodal junction connecting river navigation with rail and road networks.

Each feature is correctly matched to its geographic and operational reality: River Benue is constrained by seasonal volume fluctuations; Lagos is the leading container port hub; the Eastern Railway was aligned with Enugu coal fields and northern produce routes; and Baro acts as an inland intermodal river terminal.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Analyze the operational constraints of inland waterways in Nigeria.

Identify that the River Benue suffers from high seasonality and shallow depths during dry months.

River Benue flow is heavily seasonal, restricting barge traffic primarily to the wet season.

2

Evaluate the national economic role of major seaports.

Confirm Lagos Seaport Complex (Apapa and Tin Can) handles the vast majority of international container import cargo.

Lagos ports dominate international trade and import volume in Nigeria.

3

Examine historical rail development motives in Nigeria.

Match the Eastern rail line (Port Harcourt terminus) with coal evacuation from Enugu and hinterland produce movement.

Colonial railway construction targeted resource evacuation routes from interior mining and agricultural hubs.

4

Assess the strategic role of river ports on the River Niger system.

Match Baro port with its intermodal connection role between river channels, road, and rail.

Baro serves as a key inland river-rail transshipment node.

Anahtar Kavram

Spatial distribution, operational characteristics, and historical economic roles of transport networks and ports in Nigeria.

Soru 3818Soru →

The committee reported that the manager's actions were detrimental _____ the company's reputation and carried out in direct opposition _____ the board's standing instructions. Which pair of prepositions correctly completes the sentence?

to / to

for / against

with / of

on / with

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: to / to

Cevap

The correct pair of prepositions is 'to / to'.

The correct answer utilizes 'to / to' because the adjective 'detrimental' takes the dependent preposition 'to', and the idiomatic complex prepositional phrase is 'in direct opposition to'.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Identify the dependent preposition required by the adjective 'detrimental'.

The adjective 'detrimental' idiomatically governs the preposition 'to' (e.g., 'detrimental to health/reputation').

Adjectives indicating harm or benefit typically take 'to' rather than 'for' or 'on'.

2

Determine the correct preposition completing the phrase 'in direct opposition _____'.

The fixed prepositional phrase is 'in direct opposition to'.

The noun phrase 'in opposition' requires the complement preposition 'to' when introducing the object being opposed.

Anahtar Kavram

Dependent Prepositions and Fixed Prepositional Phrases

Tahmini Süre:1m 0s

Soru 3819Soru →

Solve for $x$ in the logarithmic equation $\log_2 (x + 2) + \log_2 (x - 4) = 4$ .

4

5

6

9

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: 6

Cevap

The value of

x

is 6.

Using the product rule for logarithms,

\log_2 (x + 2) + \log_2 (x - 4) = \log_2 [(x + 2)(x - 4)] = 4

. Converting to exponential form yields

(x + 2)(x - 4) = 2^4 = 16

. Expanding gives

x^2 - 2x - 8 = 16

, which simplifies to

x^2 - 2x - 24 = 0

. Factoring gives

(x - 6)(x + 4) = 0

. Since the logarithmic arguments must be positive (

x > 4

), the negative root

-4

is discarded, leaving

x = 6

.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Apply the product rule of logarithms:

\log_b M + \log_b N = \log_b (M \cdot N)

\log_2 [(x + 2)(x - 4)] = 4

Logarithms with the same base being added combine by multiplying their arguments.

2

Convert the logarithmic equation to its exponential form

(x + 2)(x - 4) = 2^4 = 16

If

\log_b Y = X

, then

Y = b^X

.

3

Expand and rearrange into a standard quadratic equation

x^2 - 2x - 8 = 16 \implies x^2 - 2x - 24 = 0

Expanding

(x+2)(x-4)

yields

x^2 - 2x - 8

, and subtracting 16 sets the equation to zero.

4

Factor the quadratic equation to find potential solutions

(x - 6)(x + 4) = 0 \implies x = 6 \text{ or } x = -4

The roots of

x^2 - 2x - 24 = 0

are

x = 6

and

x = -4

.

5

Check the domain restrictions for logarithmic functions

x = 6

The arguments of the original logarithms require

x + 2 > 0 \implies x > -2

and

x - 4 > 0 \implies x > 4

. Therefore,

x = -4

is extraneous and

x = 6

is the only valid solution.

Anahtar Kavram

Solving logarithmic equations using product rule and domain constraints

Soru 3820Soru →

Two chords $AB$ and $CD$ intersect at a point $P$ inside a circle. If $AP = 4\text{ cm}$ , $PB = 9\text{ cm}$ , and $CP = 3\text{ cm}$ , what is the length of segment $PD$ in centimeters?

Cevabı ve açıklamayı göster

Cevap: 12

Cevap

The length of segment

PD

is

12\text{ cm}

.

According to the Intersecting Chords Theorem, for two chords intersecting inside a circle at point

P

, the relation

AP \times PB = CP \times PD

holds true. Substituting

AP = 4

,

PB = 9

, and

CP = 3

gives

4 \times 9 = 3 \times PD

, so

36 = 3 \times PD

, which yields

PD = 12\text{ cm}

.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1

Apply the Intersecting Chords Theorem

AP \times PB = CP \times PD

When two chords intersect inside a circle, the product of the segments of one chord equals the product of the segments of the other.

2

Substitute the known values

4 \times 9 = 3 \times PD

, which gives

36 = 3 \times PD

Insert the values

AP = 4\text{ cm}

,

PB = 9\text{ cm}

, and

CP = 3\text{ cm}

.

3

Solve for

PD

PD = 12\text{ cm}

Divide both sides of the equation by 3.

Anahtar Kavram

Intersecting Chords Theorem

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